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Screening platelet-surface interactions using negative surface charge gradients.

Lindsey E Corum¹, Vladimir Hlady

¹Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

|February 13, 2010

Summary

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Surface charge density gradients influence protein and platelet interactions. Platelet adhesion varies with surface charge, protein pre-adsorption, and flow direction, revealing complex surface-dependent behaviors.

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Surface Chemistry
Cellular Biology

Background:

Understanding protein-surface and cell-surface interactions is crucial for biomaterial development.
Surface charge is a key factor influencing biological responses to materials.
Platelet adhesion is a critical event in thrombosis and biomaterial integration.

Purpose of the Study:

To create and characterize negative surface charge density gradients on fused silica.
To investigate the effect of these gradients on protein adsorption and subsequent platelet adhesion.
To explore the influence of flow dynamics and protein concentration on platelet behavior.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of negative surface charge density gradients using selective oxidation of a silane monolayer.

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Characterization of gradients using water contact angle and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA).

Perfusion of washed platelets over pre-adsorbed protein (fibrinogen, albumin, or platelet-free plasma) coated gradients in a flow chamber and analysis of adhesion using microscopy.

Main Results:

Platelet adhesion to platelet-free plasma pre-adsorbed gradients was inversely related to negative surface charge density.
Fibrinogen pre-adsorption led to maximum platelet adhesion in the gradient's center.
Albumin pre-adsorption resulted in low adhesion, except in high negative charge regions.
Gradient orientation relative to flow affected adhesion contrast, indicating upstream influence.

Conclusions:

Surface charge density gradients significantly modulate protein adsorption and platelet adhesion.
Platelet adhesion is a complex process influenced by local surface charge, adsorbed protein type and concentration, and flow conditions.
The study highlights the importance of considering both local surface properties and flow dynamics in biomaterial-surface interactions.