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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Acne Infection01:27

Acne Infection

Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes
09:38

Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes

Published on: August 27, 2021

Current remedies for vitiligo.

M Abu Tahir1, K Pramod, S H Ansari

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutics, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India.

Autoimmunity Reviews
|February 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vitiligo, an autoimmune disorder, involves the immune system attacking pigment cells. This review explores current vitiligo treatments, highlighting both conventional therapies with side effects and natural remedies offering a safer alternative.

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes
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Published on: August 27, 2021

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system targets melanocytes, leading to loss of skin color.
  • Understanding vitiligo autoantigens is crucial for developing effective treatments.
  • Current medical treatments aim to reverse melanocyte destruction and restore skin pigmentation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of current vitiligo treatment strategies.
  • To compare the efficacy and side effect profiles of conventional and alternative therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing medical literature on vitiligo treatments.
  • Analysis of conventional therapies including steroid creams, PUVA, narrow band UVB, surgical techniques, vitamin D analogues, and pseudocatalase.
  • Exploration of herbal and natural treatment options.

Main Results:

  • Conventional vitiligo treatments can cause undesirable side effects.
  • T cells from vitiligo skin show reactivity towards melanoma cells, suggesting potential therapeutic applications.
  • Herbal and natural treatments demonstrate immunomodulatory effects with a favorable side effect profile.

Conclusions:

  • Vitiligo treatment requires a multifaceted approach targeting the immune system.
  • While conventional therapies exist, their side effects necessitate exploration of alternatives.
  • Natural and herbal remedies present a promising, side-effect-free avenue for vitiligo management.