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Related Concept Videos

Goiter01:27

Goiter

Goiter refers to an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland that may appear as a diffuse goiter (uniform enlargement) or nodular (single or multiple nodules). Functionally, it is classified as nontoxic (normal/low hormone levels) or toxic (excess hormone production).PathophysiologyDiffuse thyroid enlargement typically results from prolonged stimulation by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or TSH-like agents, commonly seen in hypothyroidism or iodine deficiency. In contrast, in hyperthyroid...
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by producing...

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Lateral ectopic thyroid goiter with a normally located thyroid.

Hosam A Amoodi1, Fawaz Makki, Mark Taylor

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada. hosamamodi@hotmail.com

Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
|February 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Laterally located ectopic thyroid tissue, though rare, can present with a multinodular goiter. This case highlights a unique instance of ectopic thyroid tissue alongside a normally located multinodular goiter.

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Area of Science:

  • Head and Neck Surgery
  • Endocrinology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Midline ectopic thyroid tissue is common.
  • Laterally located ectopic thyroid tissue with a normal thyroid gland is exceptionally rare in head and neck surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of laterally located ectopic thyroid tissue coexisting with a normally located multinodular goiter.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a patient presenting with a submandibular mass.
  • Clinical examination and investigations to confirm diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Confirmed presence of a multinodular goiter within an ectopic thyroid gland.
  • The patient also had a normally located multinodular goiter.

Conclusions:

  • Laterally located ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare condition.
  • Ectopic thyroid tissue can undergo pathological changes similar to normally located thyroid tissue.
  • This is the first reported case of ectopic thyroid goiter with a normally located multinodular goiter in North America.