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Relative sensitivity of three cell substrates to the Sabin poliovirus strains
Abstract:
Poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3 (Sabin strains) were titrated using microtissue culture plates in three different cell substrates: Hep 2C, Vero and MRC-5 human diploid cells. Each type of poliovirus was titrated 60 times. The virus dilutions were inoculated in the three cell substrates and the titres (TCID50/ml) calculated by the Spearman-Kärber method. The results were analyzed by the U-test (Mann and Whitney procedure) in a Wang 600 computer. For poliovirus type 1 the differences in titres observed between Hep 2C and Vero cells were not statistically significant at p = 0.01, but the differences in titres between Hep 2C and MRC-5 human diploid cells and between Vero and MRC-5 cells were statistically highly significant (p = 0.001). For poliovirus types 2 and 3 the observed differences in titres were highly significant (p = 0.001) between Hep 2C and Vero cells, Hep 2C and MRC-5 and also between Vero and MRC-5 cells, with higher titres on Hep 2C cells. Accordingly with these results Hep 2C and Vero cells showed the same susceptibility to poliovirus type 1. In MCR-5 cells the average titre (G.M.T.) was 1 log10 below the average titres (G.M.T.) from Hep 2C or Vero cells. With poliovirus types 2 and 3 the higher titres were obtained on Hep 2C cells with significant differences to the titres observed in Vero and MRC-5 human diploid cells, which showed less susceptibility.
Insights
Hep 2C and Vero cells show similar susceptibility to poliovirus type 1. Hep 2C cells yield higher poliovirus types 2 and 3 titers than Vero or MRC-5 cells.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Vaccine Development
Background:
- Accurate poliovirus titration is crucial for vaccine efficacy and safety.
- Different cell substrates can influence viral titer results.
- Understanding cell susceptibility differences aids in optimizing viral assays.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the susceptibility of Hep 2C, Vero, and MRC-5 human diploid cells to poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 (Sabin strains).
- To determine the optimal cell substrate for poliovirus titration.
Main Methods:
- Poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 were titrated 60 times each in Hep 2C, Vero, and MRC-5 cells using microtissue culture plates.
- Viral titers (TCID50/ml) were calculated using the Spearman-Kärber method.
- Statistical analysis was performed using the U-test (Mann and Whitney procedure).
Main Results:
- Poliovirus type 1 showed no significant titer difference between Hep 2C and Vero cells (p=0.01).
- Titer differences for poliovirus type 1 were highly significant between Hep 2C/Vero and MRC-5 cells (p=0.001), with lower titers in MRC-5.
- Poliovirus types 2 and 3 exhibited highly significant titer differences (p=0.001) across all cell types, with Hep 2C yielding the highest titers.
Conclusions:
- Hep 2C and Vero cells demonstrate comparable susceptibility to poliovirus type 1.
- Hep 2C cells are more susceptible to poliovirus types 2 and 3 compared to Vero and MRC-5 cells.
- Cell substrate choice significantly impacts poliovirus titration, with Hep 2C being optimal for types 2 and 3.