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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
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Assessment of Memory Function in Pilocarpine-induced Epileptic Mice

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Published on: June 4, 2020

The effect of seizures on working memory and executive functioning performance.

Leah Chapman Black¹, Bruce K Schefft, Steven R Howe

¹Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0376, USA.

Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B

|February 16, 2010

Summary

Seizure disorder duration and lifetime seizure frequency impact cognitive function in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) patients. Earlier onset and longer duration negatively affect cognition differently in each group.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Epilepsy Research
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are distinct conditions affecting cognitive function.
The relationship between seizure burden (duration, frequency) and cognitive deficits requires further elucidation in both TLE and PNES.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between seizure disorder duration, lifetime seizure load, and higher cognitive function deficits.
To compare these associations in patients diagnosed with TLE versus PNES.

Main Methods:

Multivariate and univariate regression analyses were employed.
Participants included 207 patients with TLE and 216 patients with PNES.
Neuropsychological performance and an impairment index were assessed.

Main Results:

Age at onset, seizure duration, and diagnostic group significantly predicted neuropsychological performance (P<=0.02).
Group assignment moderated the relationship between predictors and cognitive performance.
Earlier age at TLE onset predicted greater impairment, unlike in PNES.

Conclusions:

Earlier seizure onset, longer duration, and higher seizure frequency negatively impact cognitive functioning in both TLE and PNES.
The specific effects on cognition differ between TLE and PNES patient groups.
Findings highlight the importance of early diagnosis and intervention strategies for cognitive deficits in both epilepsy types.