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Related Concept Videos

Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Oscillations In An LC Circuit01:30

Oscillations In An LC Circuit

An idealized LC circuit of zero resistance can oscillate without any source of emf by shifting the energy stored in the circuit between the electric and magnetic fields. In such an LC circuit, if the capacitor contains a charge q before the switch is closed, then all the energy of the circuit is initially stored in the electric field of the capacitor. This energy is given by
Gauss's Law in Dielectrics01:17

Gauss's Law in Dielectrics

Consider a polar dielectric placed in an external field. In such a dielectric, opposite charges on adjacent dipoles neutralize each other, such that the net charge within the dielectric is zero. When a polar dielectric is inserted in between the capacitor plates, an electric field is generated due to the presence of net charges near the edge of the dielectric and the metal plates interface. Since the external electrical field merely aligns the dipoles, the dielectric as a whole is neutral. An...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

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Published on: August 12, 2013

Gaussian modes in high loss laser resonators.

L W Casperson, S D Lunnam

    Applied Optics
    |February 16, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    Matrix techniques analyze laser resonator modes with spherical mirrors and Gaussian reflectivity. This method approximates mode and loss characteristics for conventional resonators and discusses mode selection in apertured systems.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Laser Physics
    • Waveguide Theory

    Background:

    • Laser resonators are critical for laser operation, influencing mode characteristics and efficiency.
    • Understanding mode behavior is essential for designing high-performance lasers and optical systems.
    • Previous analyses often simplified mirror reflectivity profiles, limiting applicability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To apply matrix techniques for comprehensive mode analysis in laser resonators.
    • To investigate the impact of Gaussian reflectivity profiles on resonator modes and losses.
    • To extend these analytical methods to conventional resonators with abrupt reflectivity changes and apertured systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized matrix techniques for mathematical modeling of laser resonator properties.

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  • Analyzed resonators with spherical mirrors and Gaussian reflectivity profiles.
  • Developed approximations for mode and loss characteristics in conventional resonators.
  • Investigated mode selection mechanisms in apertured waveguides and resonators.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully applied matrix methods to determine mode characteristics for Gaussian reflectivity profiles.
    • Demonstrated the utility of these techniques for approximating mode and loss in conventional resonators.
    • Provided insights into mode selection phenomena within apertured optical structures.

    Conclusions:

    • Matrix techniques offer a robust framework for analyzing complex laser resonator configurations.
    • The study provides valuable approximations for mode and loss analysis, applicable to both idealized and conventional resonators.
    • The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of mode control in laser systems and optical waveguides.