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Beam coupling to linear waveguides using lenslike waveguides.

R K Winn, J H Harris

    Applied Optics
    |February 16, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study demonstrates efficient theoretical coupling of Gaussian beams between planar and rectangular waveguides. A lenslike region achieves near 100% coupling efficiency for optical beam transformation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Waveguide Theory
    • Electromagnetics

    Background:

    • Efficiently coupling optical beams between different waveguide structures is crucial for integrated photonic devices.
    • Planar and rectangular waveguides present distinct mode profiles, complicating beam coupling.
    • Existing coupling methods often suffer from low efficiency or require complex structures.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To theoretically investigate a novel method for coupling a guided Gaussian beam from a planar dielectric waveguide to a rectangular waveguide.
    • To explore the use of a lenslike coupling region formed by varying waveguide thickness for beam transformation.
    • To determine the theoretical coupling efficiency and optimal parameters for this coupling scheme.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized theoretical analysis to model the electromagnetic field propagation.
    • Investigated the coupling mechanism using a lenslike region created by modulating the planar waveguide thickness.
    • Calculated coupling efficiency based on beam width, waveguide dimensions, and center height relative to wavelength.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated that a lenslike coupling region can effectively transform a 100-lambda wide Gaussian beam to a 5-lambda wide linear waveguide.
    • Achieved this transformation over a coupling distance of 957.35 lambda.
    • Theoretical coupling efficiency approached 100% under optimal conditions (center height ~1.58 wavelengths).

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed lenslike coupling region offers a highly efficient method for coupling Gaussian beams between planar and rectangular waveguides.
    • Varying waveguide thickness provides a viable mechanism for creating the necessary optical transformation.
    • This approach holds potential for advancements in optical interconnects and integrated photonic systems.