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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence01:23

Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence

Atomic spectroscopy is a vital tool in elemental analysis, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It can be broadly divided into optical spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy methods. The optical spectroscopic methods are atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS). The first step in all three methods is atomization, where the solid, liquid, or solution-phase samples are converted into gas-phase atoms and...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...

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A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
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Published on: December 30, 2025

Astronomical Fourier spectrometer.

P Connes, G Michel

    Applied Optics
    |February 16, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new high-resolution near-infrared Fourier spectrometer was developed for astronomical observations. This instrument enables detailed spectral analysis of celestial objects from the coudé focus of large telescopes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Astronomy and Astrophysics
    • Spectroscopy
    • Optical Engineering

    Background:

    • Fourier transform spectroscopy is a powerful technique for spectral analysis.
    • Previous laboratory Fourier spectrometers have demonstrated success.
    • Astronomical observations require specialized, robust instrumentation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and build a high-resolution near-infrared Fourier spectrometer for astronomical use.
    • To adapt laboratory instrument designs for observational astronomy.
    • To enable detailed spectral analysis at the coudé focus of a large telescope.

    Main Methods:

    • Construction of a near-infrared Fourier spectrometer (0.8-3.5 microm).
    • Utilized lead sulfide (PbS) and germanium (Ge) detectors.
    • Incorporated a 1-meter maximum path difference and a versatile servo system for various recording modes (stepping, continuous scan, modulation, chopping).
    • Integrated a real-time computer for data processing.
    • Set up the instrument at the Hale 500-cm telescope on Mount Palomar.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully built and deployed a high-resolution near-infrared Fourier spectrometer for astronomical observations.
    • The instrument operates effectively at the coudé focus.
    • Demonstrated capability for detailed spectral analysis across the 0.8-3.5 micrometer range.
    • Provided sample results showcasing the instrument's performance.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed Fourier spectrometer is a valuable tool for astronomical research.
    • High-resolution near-infrared spectroscopy from large telescopes is feasible with this design.
    • The instrument's versatility and real-time processing enhance observational capabilities.