Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Controller Configurations

Controller Configurations

Controller configurations are crucial in a car's cruise control system because they manage speed over time to maintain a consistent pace regardless of road conditions, thereby meeting design goals. In traditional control systems, fixed-configuration design involves predetermined controller placement. System performance modifications are known as compensation.
Control-system compensation involves various configurations, most commonly series or cascade compensation, in which the controller aligns...

Control Systems: Applications

Control Systems: Applications

Electrical engineering plays a pivotal role in our daily lives, with control systems at the heart of many applications, from home appliances to sophisticated space shuttles. Control systems manage and regulate the behavior of devices and processes, ensuring they function safely, correctly, and efficiently.
In modern vehicles, control systems manage various functions to enhance performance and safety. The steering wheel and accelerator are primary inputs in a car's control system. The direction...

Multi-input and Multi-variable systems

Multi-input and Multi-variable systems

Cruise control systems in cars are designed as multi-input systems to maintain a driver's desired speed while compensating for external disturbances such as changes in terrain. The block diagram for a cruise control system typically includes two main inputs: the desired speed set by the driver and any external disturbances, such as the incline of the road. By adjusting the engine throttle, the system maintains the vehicle's speed as close to the desired value as possible.
In the absence of...

Errors in Global Positioning System

Errors in Global Positioning System

Global Positioning System (GPS) technology has revolutionized navigation and positioning, but its accuracy is often compromised by various errors. These errors, stemming from environmental, satellite, and receiver-related factors, require careful mitigation to ensure reliable performance across applications.Atmospheric ErrorsGPS signals travel through the Earth’s ionosphere and troposphere, introducing delays which affect accuracy. The ionosphere is strongly influenced by charged particles,...

$Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling$ 01:26

Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling

During leveling, the Earth's curvature and atmospheric refraction introduce deviations in the line of sight from a true horizontal reference. When the line of sight is leveled, it remains perpendicular to the plumb line only at a single point. Beyond this, it deviates due to the Earth’s curvature, represented by the correction C. For a sight distance D, the deviation can be derived using the relationship:This relationship shows that the deviation increases quadratically with distance. Over a...

Feedback control systems

Feedback control systems

Feedback control systems are categorized in various ways based on their design, analysis, and signal types.
Linear feedback systems are theoretical models that simplify analysis and design. These systems operate under the principle that their output is directly proportional to their input within certain ranges. For instance, an amplifier in a control system behaves linearly as long as the input signal remains within a specific range. However, most physical systems exhibit inherent nonlinearity...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Suicide in individuals with no psychiatric disorders: what makes you vulnerable?

QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians·2023

Same author

Prevention of suicidal behavior in diabetes: the role of primary care.

QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians·2022

Same author

Smoking enhances suicide risk-a significant role in the COVID-19 pandemic?

QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians·2021

Same author

Gender differences in suicidal behavior.

QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians·2021

Same author

Post-COVID syndrome and suicide risk.

QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians·2021

Same author

Suicide research and prevention: we need new, innovative approaches.

Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica·2019

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Gain-compensation Methodology for a Sinusoidal Scan of a Galvanometer Mirror in Proportional-Integral-Differential Control Using Pre-emphasis Techniques

Gain-compensation Methodology for a Sinusoidal Scan of a Galvanometer Mirror in Proportional-Integral-Differential Control Using Pre-emphasis Techniques

Published on: April 4, 2017

Tracking systems requirements for atmospheric steering compensation.

|February 16, 2010

Summary

Atmospheric turbulence distorts laser beams, but a tracking sensor can correct this effect. This study analyzes tradeoffs for airborne laser systems to optimize tracking performance.

Area of Science:

Optical engineering
Atmospheric optics
Laser physics

Background:

Atmospheric turbulence causes laser beam steering, impacting optical communication and remote sensing.
Airborne laser systems are particularly susceptible to turbulence-induced beam deviations.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate methods for correcting laser beam steering caused by atmospheric turbulence.
To analyze the relationship between tracking sensor parameters and laser system performance.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a tracking sensor with a shared optical path to compensate for turbulence.
Analyzing the power spectrum of beam steering for airborne platforms.
Evaluating the tradeoffs between tracking sensor aperture, laser aperture, and closed-loop bandwidth.

More Related Videos

Optimization, Test and Diagnostics of Miniaturized Hall Thrusters

Optimization, Test and Diagnostics of Miniaturized Hall Thrusters

Published on: February 16, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Gain-compensation Methodology for a Sinusoidal Scan of a Galvanometer Mirror in Proportional-Integral-Differential Control Using Pre-emphasis Techniques

Gain-compensation Methodology for a Sinusoidal Scan of a Galvanometer Mirror in Proportional-Integral-Differential Control Using Pre-emphasis Techniques

Published on: April 4, 2017

Optimization, Test and Diagnostics of Miniaturized Hall Thrusters

Optimization, Test and Diagnostics of Miniaturized Hall Thrusters

Published on: February 16, 2019

Main Results:

Demonstrated that a tracking sensor can effectively correct for atmospheric turbulence.
Identified high-frequency components in the steering power spectrum for airborne systems.
Quantified the interdependencies between aperture sizes and tracking system bandwidth.

Conclusions:

Adaptive optics using tracking sensors are crucial for maintaining laser beam quality in turbulent atmospheres.
System design must balance sensor size, transmitter size, and control loop speed for optimal performance.
The findings are applicable to free-space optical communication and laser-based remote sensing from airborne platforms.