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Thin grating couplers for integrated optics: an experimental and theoretical study.

D G Dalgoutte, C D Wilkinson

    Applied Optics
    |February 16, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study details grating couplers for launching light into optical waveguides. Experimental and theoretical results show good agreement, offering design guidelines for these periodic structures.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Periodic structures, known as grating couplers, are essential for coupling light into thin-film optical waveguides.
    • Understanding their theoretical and practical aspects is crucial for efficient optical device design.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide a comprehensive account of the theoretical and practical aspects of grating couplers.
    • To investigate the performance of grating couplers fabricated in photoresist on glass waveguides.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis using a Green's function formulation to calculate radiated fields from guided waves incident on grating couplers.
    • Experimental fabrication of grating couplers in photoresist on 7059 glass thin-film waveguides.
    • Measurement of coupling length and power distribution as a function of grating period.

    Main Results:

    • Good agreement was observed between theoretical predictions and experimental measurements.
    • Coupling characteristics were analyzed for waveguides supporting single and multiple modes.
    • Fabrication methods and design guidelines for grating couplers are presented.

    Conclusions:

    • The study validates the theoretical model for grating couplers and demonstrates their practical efficacy.
    • The findings provide valuable insights for designing efficient grating couplers for optical waveguide applications.

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