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Related Concept Videos

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
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Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV

Stress often leads to unhealthy habits like smoking, excessive drinking, and overeating, which offer short-term relief but ultimately increase long-term health risks. These behaviors create a cycle that temporarily lowers stress levels but can result in severe long-term health consequences. Breaking these habits is essential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve overall well-being. Three primary changes that support better health include quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake,...
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CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine

Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
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Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
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Depressants

Depressant drugs, including alcohol and sedative-hypnotics, diminish central nervous system activity by enhancing the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that reduces brain activity and promotes relaxation. These substances can have various therapeutic uses but also pose significant risks, especially when misused or combined.
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Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.

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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
08:36

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

Worker impairment: issues beyond alcohol or drugs.

Guido R Zanni1, Jeannette Y Wick

  • 1Alexandria, VA, USA.

The Consultant Pharmacist : the Journal of the American Society of Consultant Pharmacists
|February 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary

When a colleague's work declines due to cognitive impairment, not substance abuse, employee assistance programs (EAPs) can offer crucial support and resources for intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Employee performance decline can be a sign of underlying issues.
  • While substance abuse is a common cause, cognitive impairment is also a significant factor.
  • Identifying the root cause is crucial for effective intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore non-substance-related reasons for declining work performance.
  • To provide guidance on addressing cognitive impairment in the workplace.
  • To highlight the role of Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) in such situations.

Main Methods:

  • Case-based analysis of workplace performance issues.
  • Review of common causes of cognitive decline in adults.
  • Exploration of EAP services beyond substance abuse.

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Main Results:

  • Deteriorating performance is often linked to cognitive impairment, affecting perception, memory, and reasoning.
  • Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) are equipped to handle a broader range of issues beyond initial alcohol-related concerns.
  • Early identification and support can mitigate the impact of cognitive decline on work.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive impairment is a key differential diagnosis for declining work performance.
  • EAPs offer a confidential and effective resource for employees experiencing cognitive difficulties.
  • Proactive support strategies are essential for maintaining a productive and supportive work environment.