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Related Concept Videos

Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division01:27

Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division

Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
Several proteins function as internal regulators to ensure each cell cycle stage is completed faithfully before proceeding to the next. Regulator molecules may act directly or influence the activity or production of other...
M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis02:15

M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis

Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
Cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks, work in concert with cyclins to control cell cycle transitions. M-Cdk, a complex of Cdk1 bound to M cyclin, is a well-known example of this coordinated control that drives the transition from the G2 to the M phase.
M cyclin...
M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis02:15

M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis

Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
Cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks, work in concert with cyclins to control cell cycle transitions. M-Cdk, a complex of Cdk1 bound to M cyclin, is a well-known example of this coordinated control that drives the transition from the G2 to the M phase.
M cyclin...
Positive Regulator Molecules01:45

Positive Regulator Molecules

To consistently produce healthy cells, the cell cycle—the process that generates daughter cells—must be precisely regulated.
Positive Regulator Molecules02:39

Positive Regulator Molecules

Mitotic cell division results in daughter cells that exactly resemble the parent cell. However, errors in the DNA replication or distribution of genetic material may lead to genetic mutations that may be passed down to every new cell formed from the resulting abnormal cell. Propagation of such mutant cells is restricted through checkpoint mechanisms present at different stages of the cell cycle. These checkpoints involve regulator molecules that either promote or demote cell cycle events.
The Cell Cycle Control System01:28

The Cell Cycle Control System

The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are the primary cell cycle regulators and function at the cell...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Combining Mitotic Cell Synchronization and High Resolution Confocal Microscopy to Study the Role of Multifunctional Cell Cycle Proteins During Mitosis
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Combining Mitotic Cell Synchronization and High Resolution Confocal Microscopy to Study the Role of Multifunctional Cell Cycle Proteins During Mitosis

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Functional cooperation between FACT and MCM is coordinated with cell cycle and differential complex formation.

Bertrand Chin-Ming Tan1, Hsuan Liu, Chih-Li Lin

  • 1Department of Life Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung Univeristy, Taoyuan, Taiwan. btan@mail.cgu.edu.tw

Journal of Biomedical Science
|February 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary

The FACT-MCM complex regulates DNA replication initiation through cell cycle-dependent assembly and enzymatic activity. This ensures proper cell cycle progression and DNA replication.

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Combining Mitotic Cell Synchronization and High Resolution Confocal Microscopy to Study the Role of Multifunctional Cell Cycle Proteins During Mitosis
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Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols
12:02

Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols

Published on: June 6, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Cycle Regulation
  • DNA Replication

Background:

  • The FACT (Facilitates Chromatin Transcription) complex and MCM (Minichromosome Maintenance) helicase complex are crucial for DNA replication initiation.
  • The regulatory mechanisms governing the functional interaction between FACT and MCM complexes are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the regulation and functional coordination of FACT and MCM complex interaction during DNA replication.
  • To elucidate the cell cycle-dependent mechanisms controlling FACT-MCM complex formation and enzymatic activity.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of distinct FACT-MCM subassemblies (e.g., FACT-MCM2/4/6/7, FACT-MCM2/3/4/5).
  • Assessment of DNA unwinding activity and cell cycle-dependent enzymatic regulation of FACT-MCM complexes.
  • Analysis of MCM4 phosphorylation profiles and their correlation with helicase activity.
  • Investigation of FACT-MCM complex quaternary structure and its dependence on cell cycle progression.

Main Results:

  • Two distinct FACT-MCM subassemblies with DNA unwinding activity were identified, both subject to cell cycle-dependent regulation.
  • FACT-MCM complexes appear to function at distinct, potentially sequential, stages of origin establishment and replication initiation.
  • MCM4 phosphorylation changes correlate with FACT-MCM helicase activity, and complex formation is stabilized during S phase.

Conclusions:

  • FACT-MCM interaction is functionally and temporally linked to S phase and DNA replication.
  • Enzymatic activities essential for DNA replication are tightly controlled at multiple levels.
  • This regulation ensures proper cell cycle progression, exit, and maintenance of euploid gene balance.