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Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Vascularized Composite Hand Allograft Procurement and Preparation for Distal and Proximal Forearm Allotransplantation: A Stepwise Approach

Vascularized Composite Hand Allograft Procurement and Preparation for Distal and Proximal Forearm Allotransplantation: A Stepwise Approach

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Soft tissue injuries: Chapter 8 Forearm, hand and wrist.

Stephen Southern¹, John Sloan

¹Pinderfields General Hospital, Aberford Road, Wakefield, Yorkshire, UK.

Emergency Medicine Journal : EMJ

|February 17, 2010

Summary

Hand, wrist, and forearm trauma requires careful evaluation, as even minor wounds can hide severe tendon or nerve damage. Prompt assessment of soft tissue injuries is crucial for preventing long-term functional loss in upper limb trauma patients.

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$Pseudofracture: An Acute Peripheral Tissue Trauma Model$

Pseudofracture: An Acute Peripheral Tissue Trauma Model

Published on: April 18, 2011

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Vascularized Composite Hand Allograft Procurement and Preparation for Distal and Proximal Forearm Allotransplantation: A Stepwise Approach

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Published on: May 23, 2025

$Pseudofracture: An Acute Peripheral Tissue Trauma Model$

Pseudofracture: An Acute Peripheral Tissue Trauma Model

Published on: April 18, 2011

Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Emergency Medicine
Trauma Care

Background:

Hand, wrist, and forearm injuries frequently present to emergency departments, ranging from minor lacerations to severe composite tissue loss.
Upper limb trauma encompasses a spectrum of severity, with no injury considered minor due to potential for significant underlying damage.

Observation:

Even seemingly trivial wounds can conceal critical tendon or nerve damage.
Fractures invariably involve a soft tissue injury component that demands thorough assessment and management.

Findings:

Failure to recognize and treat the soft tissue component of fractures can lead to poor patient outcomes.
The soft tissue injury can be more critical than the bony injury itself in determining functional prognosis.

Implications:

Comprehensive evaluation of all upper limb soft tissue injuries is essential for optimal patient recovery.
Integrated management of both soft tissue and bony injuries is vital in trauma care.
Early and accurate diagnosis of nerve and tendon damage prevents long-term disability.