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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation
06:16

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation

Published on: May 1, 2021

miRò: a miRNA knowledge base.

A Laganà1, S Forte, A Giudice

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Catania, Italy, 95124, Department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy, 95125 and Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, USA, 10012-1185.

Database : the Journal of Biological Databases and Curation
|February 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

miRò is a novel web-based knowledge base integrating miRNA-phenotype associations. It enables sophisticated data mining for novel gene-phenotype links, enhancing biological insights.

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A Bioinformatics Pipeline to Accurately and Efficiently Analyze the MicroRNA Transcriptomes in Plants
06:34

A Bioinformatics Pipeline to Accurately and Efficiently Analyze the MicroRNA Transcriptomes in Plants

Published on: January 21, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation
06:16

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation

Published on: May 1, 2021

A Bioinformatics Pipeline to Accurately and Efficiently Analyze the MicroRNA Transcriptomes in Plants
06:34

A Bioinformatics Pipeline to Accurately and Efficiently Analyze the MicroRNA Transcriptomes in Plants

Published on: January 21, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Bioinformatics
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in gene regulation and cellular processes.
  • Understanding miRNA-phenotype associations is vital for disease research and diagnostics.
  • Existing resources often lack comprehensive integration and advanced analytical capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop miRò, a unified web-based knowledge base for human miRNA-phenotype associations.
  • To facilitate non-trivial data analysis and uncover novel gene-phenotype relationships inferred from miRNA annotations.
  • To provide a flexible query interface and data mining tools for researchers.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of data from diverse online sources including miRNA, ontology, disease, and target databases.
  • Development of a unified database with an intuitive query interface.
  • Implementation of sophisticated data mining techniques and a specificity function for validated data analysis.

Main Results:

  • miRò provides a comprehensive repository of human miRNA-phenotype associations.
  • The knowledge base enables the inference of new gene-phenotype associations.
  • A specificity function highlights the most significant and validated miRNA-phenotype links.

Conclusions:

  • miRò serves as a valuable resource for researchers investigating miRNA functions and their links to phenotypes.
  • The platform facilitates advanced data mining, potentially leading to new discoveries in human genetics and disease.
  • miRò enhances the understanding of gene regulation by providing a novel layer of miRNA-mediated associations.