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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling
09:51

Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling

Published on: July 26, 2017

Expression and Function of TLR2 on CD4 Versus CD8 T Cells.

Sun-Mi Lee1, Young-Don Joo, Su-Kil Seo

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Korea.

Immune Network
|February 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) co-stimulation enhances CD8 T cell proliferation and survival more than CD4 T cell responses. This suggests differential roles for TLR2 in adaptive immunity, impacting T cell subset function.

Keywords:
CD4 T cellCD8 T cellT cell co-stimulationTLR2

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling
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Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226
08:30

Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226

Published on: May 10, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular and Molecular Immunology
  • Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Background:

  • Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are crucial in innate immunity, recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns.
  • TLRs expressed on T cells can act as co-stimulatory receptors, modulating T cell responses.
  • Direct comparative analysis of TLR function on CD4 and CD8 T cells remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the functional capacity of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in CD4 versus CD8 T cells.
  • To investigate the impact of TLR2 co-stimulation on T cell proliferation and survival.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed TLR2 expression on naïve and alloantigen-primed T cell subsets.
  • Assessed the effects of TLR2 ligand (Pam(3)CSK(4)) and anti-CD3 stimulation on T cell proliferation and survival in vitro.

Main Results:

  • TLR2 expression was significantly upregulated on activated CD8 T cells compared to CD4 T cells.
  • Constitutive TLR2 expression was observed on Listeria-specific memory CD8 T cells.
  • TLR2 co-stimulation markedly enhanced proliferation and survival of CD8 T cells relative to CD4 T cells.

Conclusions:

  • TLR2 co-stimulation demonstrates a greater impact on CD8 T cell proliferation and survival than on CD4 T cells.
  • These findings highlight differential regulation of T cell subsets by TLR2 signaling.