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Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...
Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
Dementia01:30

Dementia

Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual.

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Related Experiment Video

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Operation Procedure and Precautions of Thread-Embedding Acupuncture Therapy in Alzheimer
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[Alzheimer's disease].

Haruo Hanyu1, Tomohiko Sato

  • 1Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tokyo Medical University.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|February 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Correcting insulin dysregulation may treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). PPARgamma agonists like rosiglitazone may lower insulin, enhance sensitivity, and offer neuroprotection for AD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Context:

  • Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, including beta-amyloid deposits and tau hyperphosphorylation.
  • Dysregulation of insulin signaling contributes to neurodegenerative processes in the brain.

Purpose:

  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting insulin dysregulation for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonists in managing AD.

Summary:

  • Thiazolidinediones, such as rosiglitazone and pioglitazone, are PPARgamma agonists that can reduce peripheral insulin levels and improve insulin sensitivity.
  • PPARgamma agonists demonstrate potential therapeutic benefits by modulating beta-amyloid homeostasis, inhibiting inflammatory gene expression, and exerting neuroprotective effects.

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Motor and Hippocampal Dependent Spatial Learning and Reference Memory Assessment in a Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Stroke
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Motor and Hippocampal Dependent Spatial Learning and Reference Memory Assessment in a Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Stroke

Published on: March 22, 2016

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Operation Procedure and Precautions of Thread-Embedding Acupuncture Therapy in Alzheimer
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Motor and Hippocampal Dependent Spatial Learning and Reference Memory Assessment in a Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Stroke
09:45

Motor and Hippocampal Dependent Spatial Learning and Reference Memory Assessment in a Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Stroke

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  • These findings suggest PPARgamma agonists as a promising pharmacological strategy for AD treatment.

    • Impact:

    • This research highlights a novel therapeutic avenue for Alzheimer's disease by addressing underlying metabolic dysfunctions.
    • The study may pave the way for new drug development targeting insulin signaling pathways in neurodegenerative disorders.
    • Identifying effective treatments for AD could significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce the disease burden.