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Related Concept Videos

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
The Pituitary Gland01:17

The Pituitary Gland

The pituitary is a small endocrine organ in the sphenoid bone under the hypothalamus. Primarily, the pituitary in adults has two distinct anatomical and functional regions— the anterior and posterior lobes. During human fetal development, a third pituitary gland region called the pars intermedia atrophies and disappears. However, some of its cells migrate and exist adjacent to the anterior pituitary in adults.
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and lactation.
Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...
Hormones of the Pituitary Gland01:27

Hormones of the Pituitary Gland

The small, pea-sized pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain. It is crucial in regulating various bodily functions, from growth to reproduction. The gland is divided into the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe. The secretory cell clusters in the pars distalis of the anterior pituitary lobe are controlled by hypothalamic regulators and synthesize six primary hormones.
The most abundantly secreted hormone from the anterior lobe is the growth hormone, which controls overall growth by...

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Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
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Hypopituitarism after brain injury.

Joanna Lane

    British Journal of Neurosurgery
    |February 18, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to under-diagnosed complications, potentially increasing suicide risk. This case highlights the critical need for recognizing these long-term effects in TBI survivors.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Psychiatry
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health concern with potentially severe long-term consequences.
    • Under-diagnosed complications following TBI can manifest years after the initial injury.
    • The link between TBI and suicide risk is an area requiring further investigation.

    Discussion:

    • This case report emphasizes a parent's perspective on a suspected under-diagnosed complication of TBI.
    • The suspected complication is hypothesized to have contributed to a fatal outcome, specifically suicide.
    • The narrative underscores the importance of considering psychological and neurological sequelae in TBI survivors.

    Key Insights:

    • A parent's account suggests a link between an under-diagnosed TBI complication and suicide.

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  • The case highlights a potential gap in recognizing and managing long-term TBI effects.
  • Early identification and intervention for TBI-related psychological distress are crucial.
  • Outlook:

    • Further research is needed to identify and validate under-diagnosed TBI complications.
    • Improved diagnostic criteria and screening protocols for TBI survivors are essential.
    • Enhanced support systems for TBI patients and their families may mitigate suicide risk.