Predicting phenotype from genotype: normal pigmentation

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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Reverse Genetic Approach to Identify Regulators of Pigmentation using Zebrafish
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Reverse Genetic Approach to Identify Regulators of Pigmentation using Zebrafish

Published on: March 1, 2022

Robert K Valenzuela1, Miquia S Henderson, Monica H Walsh

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.

Journal of Forensic Sciences
|February 18, 2010
PubMed

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Epistasis

In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
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The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
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