Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends01:35

Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends

In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps the cell...
RACE - Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends02:35

RACE - Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends

Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends, or RACE, is one of the most effective methods to obtain a full-length cDNA from an mRNA sequence between a known internal region to the unknown sequence at the 5’ or 3’ end. The unknown region is cloned in the cDNA by a gene-specific primer that binds the known end, and a hybrid primer that attaches a predefined anchor sequence to the unknown end of the cDNA. The sequence in between is amplified by PCR with an anchor primer and a gene-specific primer.
Since the...
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Enhancer RNAs: similarities with both lncRNAs and mRNAs reveal novel functions.

RNA biology·2026
Same author

Dynamic sumoylation is essential in yeast for suppressing stress-induced gene expression in non-stress conditions.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same author

Multiple human enhancer RNAs contain long translated open reading frames.

Genes & development·2025
Same author

SUGP1 loss drives SF3B1 hotspot mutant missplicing in cancer.

Cell reports·2025
Same author

Multiple human enhancer RNAs contain long translated open reading frames.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Cancer-associated SF3B1 mutation K700E causes widespread changes in U2/branchpoint recognition without altering splicing.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data
08:35

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

Published on: June 24, 2021

Alternative polyadenylation blooms.

Emanuel Rosonina1, James L Manley

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.

Developmental Cell
|February 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Alternative polyadenylation, a process creating varied mRNA lengths, plays a key role in gene silencing. This mechanism also regulates flowering time in plants like Arabidopsis thaliana.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Plant Science
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Alternative polyadenylation (APA) generates distinct messenger RNA (mRNA) isoforms with varying 3' untranscribed region (3'-UTR) lengths.
  • These variations in 3'-UTR length can significantly impact mRNA stability and gene expression regulation.

Discussion:

  • Hornyik et al. and Liu et al. reveal a novel function for APA in gene silencing mechanisms.
  • The studies highlight APA's involvement in the intricate regulation of developmental processes.

Key Insights:

  • Alternative polyadenylation is demonstrated to be a crucial factor in achieving gene silencing.
  • APA directly influences the regulation of flowering time in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.

Outlook:

More Related Videos

Measurement of Poly A Tail Length from Drosophila Larva Brain and Cell Line
08:16

Measurement of Poly A Tail Length from Drosophila Larva Brain and Cell Line

Published on: January 12, 2024

3' End Sequencing Library Preparation with A-seq2
12:01

3' End Sequencing Library Preparation with A-seq2

Published on: October 10, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data
08:35

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

Published on: June 24, 2021

Measurement of Poly A Tail Length from Drosophila Larva Brain and Cell Line
08:16

Measurement of Poly A Tail Length from Drosophila Larva Brain and Cell Line

Published on: January 12, 2024

3' End Sequencing Library Preparation with A-seq2
12:01

3' End Sequencing Library Preparation with A-seq2

Published on: October 10, 2017

  • Further research into APA mechanisms can uncover new strategies for crop improvement and developmental biology.
  • Understanding APA's role in gene silencing may offer insights into controlling plant growth and stress responses.