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Cyclic Processes And Isolated Systems

A thermodynamic system with zero heat exchange and work is an isolated system. For these systems, the internal energy remains constant.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A User-friendly and Powerful R Analysis of Large-scale Datasets
10:56

A User-friendly and Powerful R Analysis of Large-scale Datasets

Published on: November 4, 2025

CircE: an R implementation of Browne's circular stochastic process model.

Michele Grassi1, Riccardo Luccio, Lisa Di Blas

  • 1Department of Psychology G. Kanizsa, University of Trieste, Via Sant'Anastasio 12, Trieste, Italy. grassi.mic@gmail.com

Behavior Research Methods
|February 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces CircE, a new R package for analyzing circumplex structures using Browne's model. CircE simplifies data handling and graphical representation for confirmatory analysis, improving accessibility for researchers.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychometrics
  • Statistical Software Development

Background:

  • Browne's (1992) model is crucial for confirmatory analysis of circumplex structures.
  • Existing implementation (CIRCUM) lacks integration with major statistical software, requiring multiple programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce CircE, an R package for Browne's confirmatory circumplex analysis.
  • Streamline data entry, analysis, and graphical representation within a single environment.
  • Enable assessment of theoretical model sustainability at the questionnaire item level.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the CircE package for the R statistical environment.
  • Integration of data import, Browne's confirmatory analysis, and result visualization.
  • Application to assess theoretical model sustainability using questionnaire item data.

Main Results:

  • CircE provides a unified platform for circumplex structure analysis.
  • The package facilitates a novel approach to model sustainability assessment.
  • User-friendly interface for both data management and result interpretation.

Conclusions:

  • CircE enhances the accessibility and efficiency of confirmatory circumplex analysis.
  • The package supports advanced psychometric modeling and theoretical assessment.
  • Offers a valuable tool for researchers utilizing circumplex models in R.