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Transient abnormal myelopoiesis associated with Down syndrome presenting as severe hydrops fetalis: a case report

G L Malin1, Mark D Kilby, M Velangi

  • 1School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham Women's Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.

Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy
|February 18, 2010
PubMed

We present a case of transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) presenting as non-immune fetal hydrops (NIHF). Hydrops fetalis (HF) is a condition associated with very high perinatal mortality, especially when no treatable cause, such as fetal anaemia, exists. In fetuses prior to 24 weeks with NIHF, a chromosomal anomaly is a common association. TAM is a leukaemic condition, almost entirely limited to children with Down syndrome. The presentation of TAM prenatally is unusual but cases may present ultrasonographically with NIHF and associated fetal hepatosplenomegaly. We report a case presenting in this manner with NIHF detected at 29 weeks' gestation and discuss the subsequent diagnosis and management of in utero TAM.

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