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Related Experiment Videos

Pericyte changes in branch retinal vein occlusion.

I H Wallow1, C D Bindley, K L Linton

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53792.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|April 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Experimental branch vein occlusion (BVO) in monkeys revealed enlarged retinal capillaries with cellular changes but no increased basement membrane. These collaterals are not morphologically adapted for enhanced microvascular regulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Microscopy

Background:

  • Retinal capillaries are crucial for vision.
  • Branch vein occlusion (BVO) models allow study of stressed retinal vasculature.
  • Pericytes play a key role in regulating capillary function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the morphological adaptations of retinal capillary collaterals in a monkey model of experimental branch vein occlusion (BVO).
  • To quantify changes in capillary caliber, endothelial and pericyte structure, and actin filament distribution.
  • To assess the functional capacity of these collaterals in response to BVO.

Main Methods:

  • Electron microscopic morphometry was performed on retinal capillaries from cynomolgus monkeys.
  • Comparison of 579 capillary collaterals from BVO eyes (9 eyes) with 233 normal capillaries from control eyes (4 eyes).

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  • Myosin subfragment-1 technique used to quantify actin filaments in pericytes.

    • Main Results:

    • BVO-induced capillary collaterals showed enlarged caliber, endothelial hyperplasia, and pericyte hypertrophy without proportional basement membrane expansion.
    • Collaterals near the inner plexiform layer (IPL) exhibited greater wall thickness, pericyte, and actin coverage than those near the outer plexiform layer (OPL).
    • Pericyte hypertrophy correlated with caliber increase, particularly in IPL vessels, and actin coverage was proportional to vessel dilation.

    Conclusions:

    • Retinal capillary collaterals in the BVO model undergo significant structural changes.
    • These adaptations, including pericyte and endothelial changes, do not appear to equip them for an enhanced regulatory role in microvascular flow.
    • The findings suggest limitations in the compensatory capacity of these collateral vessels under stress.