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Related Concept Videos

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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...
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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
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Executive Functions after Age 5: Changes and Correlates.

John R Best1, Patricia H Miller, Lara L Jones

  • 1University of Georgia.

Developmental Review : DR
|February 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Executive function (EF) research needs to expand beyond preschool years. Examining EF across the lifespan is crucial for understanding its development, components, and impact on school performance and social-emotional skills.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Executive function (EF) research has predominantly focused on preschool-aged children.
  • This narrow focus overlooks critical developmental periods and implications of EF later in childhood and adulthood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the importance of examining executive function (EF) throughout childhood and across the lifespan.
  • To highlight key developmental questions and research applications of EF beyond early childhood.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing existing research on executive function (EF) development.
  • Analysis of developmental trajectories and interrelations of EF components.

Main Results:

  • The structure and components of EF evolve significantly after age 5.
  • EF's role in academic achievement, social functioning, and emotional regulation becomes increasingly apparent in school-aged children.
  • Current research inadequately covers the full developmental span of EF.

Conclusions:

  • Expanding research on executive function (EF) to encompass older children and adults is essential.
  • A lifespan perspective is necessary to fully understand EF development, its unitary or multifaceted nature, and its real-world applications.