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Self-focused Cognitive Styles and Bipolar Spectrum Disorders: Concurrent and Prospective Associations
Lauren B Alloy1, Lyn Y Abramson, Megan Flynn
1Department of Psychology, Temple University.
International Journal of Cognitive Therapy
|February 18, 2010
Summary
Individuals with bipolar spectrum disorders exhibit higher rumination and private self-consciousness. Rumination predicts depressive episode frequency, while private self-consciousness predicts hypomanic/manic episode onset.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Clinical Psychology
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Self-focused cognitive styles are implicated in various mental health conditions.
- Bipolar spectrum disorders (BSD) are characterized by mood episodes.
- Understanding cognitive correlates of BSD is crucial for treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between self-focused cognitive styles and BSD.
- To examine concurrent and prospective associations.
Main Methods:
- 125 individuals with BSD and 149 healthy controls completed questionnaires.
- Assessed rumination, distraction, private self-consciousness, and public self-consciousness.
- Followed up bipolar individuals for 3.5 years to track mood episodes.
Main Results:
- Individuals with BSD scored higher on rumination and private self-consciousness than controls.
- Rumination predicted the number of depressive episodes.
- Private self-consciousness predicted the onset of hypomanic/manic episodes.
Conclusions:
- Specific self-focused cognitive styles are associated with bipolar spectrum disorders.
- Rumination and private self-consciousness may play distinct roles in the course of BSD.
- These findings suggest potential targets for intervention in BSD.
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