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Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
Published on: November 16, 2018
Osteoblast response to polymethyl methacrylate bioactive glass composite.
M Hautamäki1, V V Meretoja, R H Mattila
1Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital of Turku, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland. mikko.hautamaki@fimnet.fi
Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine
|February 18, 2010
Summary
Newly developed surface porous fiber reinforced (SPFR) polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) composite is biocompatible. Its rough surface enhances cell attachment, proliferation, and mineralized tissue formation, suggesting potential for bone bonding.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Orthopedic Research
- Dental Materials
Background:
- Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) has a long history in orthopedic and dental applications.
- The biocompatibility of novel surface porous fiber reinforced (SPFR) PMMA composites requires validation in cell culture.
- Tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) serves as a standard control material.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the biocompatibility of a new SPFR PMMA composite using rat bone marrow stromal cells.
- To assess the material's potential for new mineralized tissue formation and bone bonding.
Main Methods:
- Rat bone marrow stromal cells were cultured on SPFR-PMMA and control materials (TCPS).
- Cell activity, bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteocalcin (OC), and calcium depletion were measured.
- Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze cell morphology and surface interactions.
Main Results:
- SPFR-PMMA showed comparable cell activity and BSP production to TCPS.
- Higher osteocalcin levels and significant calcium depletion were observed with SPFR-PMMA.
- SEM confirmed cell spreading and growth, with roughened surfaces enhancing attachment, division, and calcified nodule formation.
Conclusions:
- The SPFR-PMMA composite demonstrates biocompatibility, with no significant toxic reactions compared to TCPS.
- The material supports cell proliferation and extracellular matrix formation, indicating potential for direct bone bonding.
- Surface roughness is a key factor in enhancing osteoblast activity and mineralization.
