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Related Concept Videos

Encoding01:19

Encoding

Information enters the brain through encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system. Once sensory information is received from the environment, the brain labels or codes it. The information is then organized with similar information and connected to existing concepts. Encoding occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing.
Automatic processing involves the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words, usually done without conscious...
Storage01:23

Storage

A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze each...
Impact of Schemas01:30

Impact of Schemas

Schemas are cognitive structures that provide a framework for interpreting and organizing social information. They help individuals navigate complex environments by offering expectations about people, events, and behaviors. Schemas influence attention, encoding, and retrieval processes, thereby shaping the entire trajectory of information processing in social contexts.Attention and Cognitive LoadDuring initial attention, schemas function as filters that prioritize schema-consistent information,...
Explicit Memories01:27

Explicit Memories

Explicit memories, also known as declarative memories, are consciously remembered, recalled, and reported. Studying for a chemistry exam involves material that will become part of explicit memory. There are two types of explicit memory: episodic and semantic.
Episodic memory contains information about personally experienced events and is reported as a story. An example of episodic memory is recalling a birthday celebration. This type of memory includes the what, where, and when of an event, as...
Understanding Memory01:19

Understanding Memory

Memory is the retention of information or experiences over time, facilitated through three main processes: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the process of inputting information into the memory system. For instance, when listening to a lecture, watching a play, reading a book, or having a conversation, the brain is actively encoding information. This initial stage involves transforming sensory input into a form that can be processed and stored by the brain. Various factors, such as...
Elaborative Rehearsals01:07

Elaborative Rehearsals

Elaborative rehearsal is a crucial cognitive strategy that strengthens information encoding in long-term memory by making meaningful connections between new data and pre-existing knowledge. This approach contrasts with maintenance rehearsal, which involves simple repetition without delving into the significance of the information. While maintenance rehearsal might temporarily keep information active in short-term memory, it is less effective for long-term retention.
The effectiveness of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential (ERP) Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
08:17

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential (ERP) Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 12, 2018

Differential effects of semantic processing on memory encoding.

Klaus Fliessbach1, Corinna Buerger, Peter Trautner

  • 1Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany. klaus.fliessbach@ukb.uni-bonn.de

Human Brain Mapping
|February 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Deeper word processing enhances memory. Specifically, size comparison tasks, unlike alphabetical or animacy tasks, improved memory recall by activating distinct brain regions like the left anterior fusiform gyrus.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential (ERP) Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Published on: April 12, 2018

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Published on: November 14, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Deeper semantic processing enhances memory encoding, a phenomenon known as the depth of processing effect.
  • The left inferior prefrontal cortex (LIPC) and left hippocampus are key brain regions implicated in this effect.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if different semantic encoding processes contribute qualitatively to memory encoding.
  • To test the hypothesis that object-feature processing during semantic encoding is associated with successful memory formation.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used during a memory experiment.
  • Participants performed three encoding tasks: nonsemantic alphabetical, animacy decision, and size comparison.
  • Recognition memory was assessed subsequently.

Main Results:

  • The size comparison task yielded significantly better memory encoding compared to alphabetical and animacy tasks.
  • Both animacy and size comparison tasks showed stronger activation in the LIPC and left hippocampus than the nonsemantic task.
  • The size comparison task additionally activated the left anterior fusiform gyrus, correlating with successful memory encoding.

Conclusions:

  • Different types of semantic processing influence memory encoding through distinct neural mechanisms.
  • Object-feature processing, engaged during size comparison, uniquely enhances memory by recruiting specific brain areas.