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Related Concept Videos

UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...
Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview01:02

Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview

Ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible or UV–Vis) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the interaction between matter and UV–Vis light within the electromagnetic spectrum. This method is widely used for its versatility, simplicity, and relatively quick data acquisition, making it valuable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When UV–Vis radiation passes through a material,  molecules absorb light depending on the energy required for electronic transitions. As a result...
IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the C=O, C=N, and C=C occur between 1600–1850 cm−1.
The...
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...

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A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
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Spectral Reference Detector For The Visible To 12-microM Region; Convenient, Spectrally Flat.

G W Day, C A Hamilton, K W Pyatt

    Applied Optics
    |February 19, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new spectral reference detector was developed for the visible to 12-microm range. This polyvinylidene fluoride (PVF2) pyroelectric detector offers a stable, wavelength-independent response for accurate measurements.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Accurate spectral measurements require reliable reference detectors.
    • Existing detectors may have limitations in specific spectral ranges or stability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a convenient and stable spectral reference detector.
    • To evaluate the performance of the detector across the visible to 12-microm spectral region.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVF2) pyroelectric detector.
    • Integration of the detector within a hemispherical light trap.
    • Theoretical and experimental performance evaluations.

    Main Results:

    • The developed detector operates in the visible to 12-microm spectral range.
    • The detector response is independent of wavelength within +/-1% across the specified range.
    • The device is characterized by its convenience and stability.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel PVF2 pyroelectric detector serves as a reliable spectral reference.
    • This detector offers high accuracy and stability for a broad spectral range.
    • The device is suitable for various applications requiring precise spectral referencing.