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Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems01:23

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation
08:30

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Published on: March 12, 2016

WITHDRAWN: Interventions for normal tension glaucoma.

Thomas Sycha1, Clemens Vass, Oliver Findl

  • 1Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, Austria, A-1090.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|February 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review assesses treatments for normal tension glaucoma. Lowering intraocular pressure may help, especially when accounting for cataracts, and calcium antagonists show promise for visual field loss.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation
08:30

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Published on: March 12, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Glaucoma Research
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is characterized by optic nerve damage and visual field loss.
  • While intraocular pressure (IOP) is implicated, vascular factors are also considered in NTG progression.
  • Understanding NTG pathophysiology is crucial for effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effects of medical and surgical treatments for normal tension glaucoma.
  • To evaluate interventions aimed at preventing or slowing disease progression in NTG patients.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials on NTG management.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) identified through comprehensive database searches (CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS).
  • Inclusion criteria focused on RCTs comparing medical or surgical interventions against no treatment, placebo, or other therapies in NTG patients.
  • Data extraction by two independent reviewers; heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis.

Main Results:

  • Eight studies met the selection criteria, with only three focusing on patient-relevant outcomes.
  • One trial indicated a potential benefit of lowering intraocular pressure, contingent on correction for cataract development.
  • Two small studies suggested a beneficial effect of brovincamine, a calcium antagonist, on visual field loss.

Conclusions:

  • The impact of IOP reduction on visual field outcomes in NTG may be significant only when adjusted for cataract development.
  • Calcium antagonists present promising results for NTG treatment, warranting further investigation in larger trials.
  • Studies focusing solely on IOP reduction or hemodynamic variables may not fully capture relevant outcomes for NTG patients.