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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Muscle Recovery and Fatigue01:24

Muscle Recovery and Fatigue

Muscle fatigue refers to the decline in a muscle's ability to maintain the force of contraction after prolonged activity. It primarily stems from changes within muscle fibers. Even before experiencing muscle fatigue, one may feel tired and have the urge to stop the activity. This response, known as central fatigue, occurs due to changes in the central nervous system, namely the brain and spinal cord. While there is no single mechanism that induces fatigue, it may serve as a protective response...
Fatigue01:21

Fatigue

Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which leads...
Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...
Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests01:15

Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

The Treadmill Fatigue Test: A Simple, High-throughput Assay of Fatigue-like Behavior for the Mouse
09:25

The Treadmill Fatigue Test: A Simple, High-throughput Assay of Fatigue-like Behavior for the Mouse

Published on: May 31, 2016

Carnitine for fatigue in multiple sclerosis.

Aaron M Tejani1, Michael Wasdell, Rae Spiwak

  • 1Clinical Research and Drug Information, Fraser Health Authority, 3935 Kincaid Street, Burnaby, BC, Canada, V5G 2X6.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|February 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Carnitine supplementation shows no clear benefit for multiple sclerosis (MS) fatigue. More research is needed to determine if carnitine improves quality of life or reduces MS-related fatigue symptoms.

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Measuring the Motor Aspect of Cancer-Related Fatigue using a Handheld Dynamometer
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Measuring the Motor Aspect of Cancer-Related Fatigue using a Handheld Dynamometer

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

The Treadmill Fatigue Test: A Simple, High-throughput Assay of Fatigue-like Behavior for the Mouse
09:25

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Published on: May 31, 2016

Measuring the Motor Aspect of Cancer-Related Fatigue using a Handheld Dynamometer
07:22

Measuring the Motor Aspect of Cancer-Related Fatigue using a Handheld Dynamometer

Published on: February 20, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Fatigue affects up to 92% of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.
  • MS-related fatigue is a highly debilitating symptom for many patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate carnitine supplementation's efficacy in improving quality of life and reducing fatigue in MS patients.
  • To identify any adverse effects associated with carnitine use for MS-related fatigue.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search including Cochrane, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases.
  • Inclusion of randomized controlled trials and quasi-randomized trials of carnitine interventions in adults with MS-related fatigue.
  • Data extraction and quality assessment of eligible trials using standardized forms and RevMan 5.

Main Results:

  • One randomized crossover trial was identified, comparing acetyl L-carnitine (ALCAR) with amantadine.
  • No significant difference was observed between carnitine and amantadine regarding adverse event withdrawals.
  • Data on mortality, serious adverse events, total adverse events, and quality of life were not reported.

Conclusions:

  • Insufficient evidence exists to support carnitine as a therapeutic advantage over placebo or active comparators for MS-related fatigue.
  • Further high-quality research is required to establish carnitine's role in managing MS fatigue.