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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration

A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
According to Hooke's law, the vibrational frequency is directly proportional to the...
IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations01:08

IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations

Identical bonds within a polyatomic group can stretch symmetrically (in-phase) or asymmetrically (out-of-phase). Similar to hydrogen bonding, these vibrations also influence the shape of the IR peak. Generally, asymmetric stretching frequencies are higher than symmetric stretching frequencies. For example, primary amines exhibit two distinct IR peaks between 3300–3500 cm−1 corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric N-H stretching, while secondary amines exhibit a single stretching vibration...
IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
Torsional Pendulum01:09

Torsional Pendulum

A torsional pendulum involves the oscillation of a rigid body in which the restoring force is provided by the torsion in the string from which the rigid body is suspended. Ideally, the string should be massless; practically, its mass is much smaller than the rigid body's mass and is neglected.
As long as the rigid body's angular displacement is small, its oscillation can be modeled as a linear angular oscillation. The amplitude of the oscillation is an angle. The role of mass is played by the...
Simple Harmonic Motion01:21

Simple Harmonic Motion

Simple harmonic motion is the name given to oscillatory motion for a system where the net force can be described by Hooke's law. If the net force can be described by Hooke's law and there is no damping (by friction or other non-conservative forces), then a simple harmonic oscillator will oscillate with equal displacement on either side of the equilibrium position. To derive an equation for period and frequency, the equation of motion is used. The period of a simple harmonic oscillator is given...
Damped Oscillations01:07

Damped Oscillations

In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
Although friction and other non-conservative...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moiré Fringes
06:56

Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moiré Fringes

Published on: May 23, 2017

Time-averaged shadow-moiré method for studying vibrations.

Y Y Hung, C Y Liang, J D Hovanesian

    Applied Optics
    |February 20, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A novel time-averaged shadow-moiré method statically determines vibration amplitudes of plates. This technique is ideal for measuring larger deflections without complex equipment.

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    Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moiré Fringes
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    Area of Science:

    • Optics
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Vibration Analysis

    Background:

    • Accurate measurement of plate deflection during vibration is crucial for structural integrity.
    • Existing methods like holography can be overly sensitive for large amplitude measurements.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a simplified time-averaged shadow-moiré method for analyzing steady-state vibration.
    • To enable the measurement of deflection amplitude distributions in plates.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizes a time-averaged shadow-moiré technique.
    • Requires static recording, eliminating the need for stroboscopic equipment.
    • The method's reduced sensitivity makes it suitable for larger amplitude vibrations.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully determines the amplitude distribution of plate deflection in steady-state vibration.
    • Provides a static recording method, simplifying experimental procedures.
    • Demonstrates suitability for measuring larger deflection amplitudes compared to more sensitive techniques.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented shadow-moiré method offers a practical approach for measuring large vibration amplitudes.
    • It simplifies experimental setups by removing the need for stroboscopes.
    • This technique enhances the study of plate dynamics under vibration.