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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the C=O, C=N, and C=C occur between 1600–1850 cm−1.
The...
IR Spectrum01:19

IR Spectrum

When infrared (IR) radiation passes through a molecule, the bonds stretch or bend by absorbing the radiation. This absorption creates the molecule's absorption spectrum, which is the plot of its percentage transmittance versus wavenumber.
Transmittance is defined as the ratio of the radiant power passing through a sample to that from the radiation's source. Multiplying the transmittance by 100 gives the percent transmittance (%T), which varies between 100% (no absorption) and 0% (complete...
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are slanted or...
IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy
10:03

Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Published on: June 27, 2014

Multiple order spectra in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

T Hirschfeld

    Applied Optics
    |February 20, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel phenomenon, similar to higher order spectra in grating spectroscopy, has been observed in Fourier transform spectroscopy. Despite lower intensity, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

    Area of Science:

    • Spectroscopy
    • Optical Physics
    • Analytical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Grating spectroscopy exhibits higher order spectral effects.
    • Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) offers high sensitivity for detecting subtle spectral features.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify and characterize phenomena analogous to higher order spectra within Fourier transform spectroscopy.
    • To assess the detectability of these phenomena using the high sensitivity of FTIR.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
    • Analyzed spectral data to identify perturbations indicative of higher order effects.

    Main Results:

    • A phenomenon analogous to higher order spectra was detected in FTIR.

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    Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

    Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy
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  • The observed effect's intensity is significantly lower (orders of magnitude) than comparable effects in grating spectroscopy.
  • The high sensitivity of FTIR enabled the detection of this low-intensity perturbation.

    • Conclusions:

    • Fourier transform spectroscopy exhibits a higher order spectral phenomenon.
    • FTIR's sensitivity is crucial for observing these subtle spectral effects.
    • This finding expands the understanding of spectral phenomena in FTIR.