Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy01:15

Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy

The spinal cord resides within the protective confines of the vertebral column. It is the main pathway for information traveling between the brain and the body. It plays a fundamental role in nearly all bodily functions, from simple reflexes to complex motor movements. The spinal cord begins at the medulla oblongata at the base of the brainstem and extends downward, terminating at the conus medullaris near the first and second lumbar vertebrae. The spinal cord's length in adults is...
Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology

The symptoms of degenerative disc disease arise from a combination of mechanical compression, vascular compromise, and biochemical inflammation, which together disrupt nerve function and produce pain.Mechanical CompressionDisc degeneration reduces height and elasticity, predisposing to herniation of the nucleus pulposus, a major cause of radicular pain. Herniations may be protrusion (bulging with intact annulus), extrusion (nucleus extends beyond disc but remains connected), or sequestration...
Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
The Spinal Cord01:54

The Spinal Cord

The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of an integrated community-based model of care for older people with complex conditions on hospital emergency presentations and admissions: a step-wedged cluster randomized trial.

BMC health services research·2021
Same author

Learning from regret.

The British journal of surgery·2020
Same author

Medical emergencies in dental practice - management requirements and international practitioner proficiency. A scoping review.

Australian dental journal·2018
Same author

Processes of care in surgical patients who died with hospital-acquired infections in Australian hospitals.

The Journal of hospital infection·2017
Same author

Development of a risk prediction model for Barrett's esophagus in an Australian population.

Diseases of the esophagus : official journal of the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus·2017
Same author

Effect of a general practitioner management plan on health outcomes and hospitalisations in older patients with diabetes.

Internal medicine journal·2016
Same journal

The Experimental Application of Microsurgical Techniques to Internal Mammary to Coronary Artery Anastomosis.

The Australian and New Zealand journal of surgery·2018
Same journal

The Use of Trimethoprim-Sulphamethoxazole in the Treatment of Complicated Urinary Tract Infection.

The Australian and New Zealand journal of surgery·2018
Same journal

The Bairnsdale Ulcer.

The Australian and New Zealand journal of surgery·2018
Same journal

Aorto-Caval Fistula: Successful Management of Two Cases.

The Australian and New Zealand journal of surgery·2018
Same journal

Subdural Empyema.

The Australian and New Zealand journal of surgery·2018
Same journal

Massive Ascites Due to Pancreatic Stones.

The Australian and New Zealand journal of surgery·2018
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery
05:53

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery

Published on: August 17, 2022

Extradural malignant lymphoma associated with spinal cord compression.

K S Crowley1, J Miliauskas, J B North

  • 1Gribbles Pathology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery
|February 23, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extradural malignant lymphoma can cause cord compression, with primary extranodal lymphoma offering the best prognosis. Back and radicular pain are key warning signs of spinal cord compression.

More Related Videos

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice
05:39

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice

Published on: December 27, 2024

Ex Vivo Culture of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Cerebral Spinal Fluid from Melanoma Patients to Study Melanoma-Associated Leptomeningeal Disease
06:25

Ex Vivo Culture of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Cerebral Spinal Fluid from Melanoma Patients to Study Melanoma-Associated Leptomeningeal Disease

Published on: March 29, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery
05:53

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery

Published on: August 17, 2022

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice
05:39

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice

Published on: December 27, 2024

Ex Vivo Culture of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Cerebral Spinal Fluid from Melanoma Patients to Study Melanoma-Associated Leptomeningeal Disease
06:25

Ex Vivo Culture of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Cerebral Spinal Fluid from Melanoma Patients to Study Melanoma-Associated Leptomeningeal Disease

Published on: March 29, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Extradural malignant lymphoma is a rare cause of spinal cord compression.
  • This study reviewed cases at the Royal Adelaide Hospital over 11 years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of patients with extradural malignant lymphoma.
  • To identify prognostic factors and early warning signs of spinal cord compression.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 26 patients with extradural malignant lymphoma.
  • Classification of patients into three groups based on presentation: primary extranodal, disseminated disease, or secondary development.
  • Analysis of survival data, relapse patterns, and diagnostic procedures.

Main Results:

  • Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (19 cases) was more common than Hodgkin's disease (7 cases).
  • Primary extranodal extradural lymphoma (Group A) had a favorable 5-year survival rate of 83%.
  • Back and/or radicular pain were significant early indicators of spinal cord compression, preceding neurological deficits.

Conclusions:

  • Patient classification by presentation group is crucial for predicting survival in extradural malignant lymphoma.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention, potentially including laminectomy, are vital.
  • Plain spinal X-rays are valuable diagnostic tools, with abnormalities noted in 64% of cases.