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Related Concept Videos

States of Water01:23

States of Water

Water exists in any one of the three classical states: solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (steam or water vapor). The state of water depends on i) the intermolecular forces that draw molecules together and ii) the kinetic energy that leads to movements that pull them apart.
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
Classifying Matter by State02:49

Classifying Matter by State

Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter is all around us; the air, water, soil, mountains, even our bodies are all examples of matter. Matter is divided into three states — solid, liquid, and gas — that are commonly found on earth. The fourth state of matter, plasma, occurs naturally in the interiors of stars.
Two Components: Liquid–Liquid Systems01:27

Two Components: Liquid–Liquid Systems

A pressure-composition phase diagram explicitly describes the behavior of an ideal solution of two volatile liquids under varying pressures and compositions. A pressure-composition diagram has two main curves. The bubble point curve represents the plot of pressure versus liquid mole fraction. It indicates the pressure at which the first bubble of vapor forms from the liquid phase as the system pressure decreases.The dew point curve is the pressure versus vapor mole fraction. It indicates the...
States of Matter01:20

States of Matter

Solids, liquids, and gases are the three states of matter commonly found on Earth. A solid is rigid and possesses a definite shape. A liquid flows and takes the shape of its container, except it forms a flat or slightly curved upper surface when acted upon by gravity. Both liquid and solid samples have volumes nearly independent of pressure. A gas takes both the shape and volume of its container.
Scientists have discovered a fourth state of matter, plasma, that occurs naturally in the interiors...
The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...
Tonicity in Animals01:16

Tonicity in Animals

Tonicity describes the amount of solute in a solution. The measure of the tonicity of a solution, or the total amount of solutes dissolved in a specific amount of solution, is called its osmolarity. Three terms—hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic—are used to relate the osmolarity of a cell to the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid that contains the cells. In a hypotonic solution, such as tap water, the extracellular fluid has a lower concentration of solutes than the fluid inside the cell,...

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The Golden Apple Snail Pomacea canaliculata: From Zygotes to Stable Mutant Lines
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The liquid-ordered state comes of age.

Ole G Mouritsen1

  • 1MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark. ogm@memphys.sdu.dk

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|February 23, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Biomembranes exhibit ordered states, influenced by cholesterol

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics and soft matter physics.

Background:

  • Biomembranes possess fluid properties akin to liquid crystals.
  • Membrane lateral organization is linked to states between order and disorder.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of the liquid-ordered state in biomembrane characterization.
  • To emphasize cholesterol's role in mediating membrane order and disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of biomembrane properties.
  • Investigation of liquid crystal mesophases.
  • Characterization of membrane domains and rafts.

Main Results:

  • Biomembranes can display ordered states under physiological conditions.
  • Cholesterol is crucial for the liquid-ordered state, mediating order-disorder transitions.

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  • This ordered state is central to understanding membrane domains or rafts.

    • Conclusions:

    • The liquid-ordered state, mediated by cholesterol, is key to biomembrane lateral organization and function.
    • Understanding membrane domains and rafts is essential for characterizing biomembranes.