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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Bone Markings01:26

Bone Markings

Bones have various surface features that help form joints and attach to other soft tissues. Depending on the function, bone markings are categorized into articulating projections, processes for attachment, depressions, and openings.
Articulating Projections
Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...
Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Classification of Bones01:18

Classification of Bones

The bones of the human skeletal system are of varied shapes, sizes, and functions. They can be classified based on their shape and function into four major classes: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Some classifications include a fifth type, the sesamoid bones, as a separate class, whereas others categorize them under short bones.
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The long...

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Osteoporosis and osteoporosis therapies as determinants of implant fixation failure in arthroplasty and spinal fusion constructs: a position statement from the Fracture Working Group of the Council of Scientific Advisors of the International Osteoporosis Foundation.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2026
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Consensus statement on the application of artificial intelligence in osteoporosis screening and management: perspectives from the Asia-Pacific region.

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Making VFA Part of Standard Clinical DXA Assessment for Osteoporosis Care: Recommendations From the International Working Group on DXA Best Practices.

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Proceedings of the 2025 Santa Fe Bone Symposium: Current concepts in the care of patients with osteoporosis, parathyroid disorders, and rare bone diseases.

Journal of clinical densitometry : the official journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry·2025
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Effects of romosozumab and teriparatide on hip bone using 3D-SHAPER in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

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Bone Health ECHO Case Report: Optimizing Bone Health in Low Fracture Risk Patient after Renal Transplant Treated with Chronic Glucocorticoids: A Case Study.

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Comparison of adenoma and gland hyperplasia on bone mineral density in primary hyperparathyroidism.

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The influence of pregnancy and selected aspects of female health on skeletal status and fracture incidence in postmenopausal women from the RACOST-POL Study.

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The association of sclerostin with osteoporosis and vertebral fractures in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Assessment of bone microarchitecture in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism using trabecular bone score.

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Erxian decoction for postmenopausal osteoporosis: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Establishment of a Segmental Femoral Critical-size Defect Model in Mice Stabilized by Plate Osteosynthesis
06:38

Establishment of a Segmental Femoral Critical-size Defect Model in Mice Stabilized by Plate Osteosynthesis

Published on: October 12, 2016

2009 Santa Fe Bone symposium.

E Michael Lewiecki1, John P Bilezikian2, Andrew J Laster3

  • 1New Mexico Clinical Research & Osteoporosis Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.

Journal of Clinical Densitometry : the Official Journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry
|February 23, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Osteoporosis, a common bone disease causing fractures, is underdiagnosed and undertreated despite available tools and therapies. Advances in genetics and bone science offer new therapeutic targets for managing osteoporotic fractures.

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Treatment with Vancomycin Loaded Calcium Sulphate and Autogenous Bone in an Improved Rabbit Model of Bone Infection
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Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials
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Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Establishment of a Segmental Femoral Critical-size Defect Model in Mice Stabilized by Plate Osteosynthesis
06:38

Establishment of a Segmental Femoral Critical-size Defect Model in Mice Stabilized by Plate Osteosynthesis

Published on: October 12, 2016

Treatment with Vancomycin Loaded Calcium Sulphate and Autogenous Bone in an Improved Rabbit Model of Bone Infection
09:09

Treatment with Vancomycin Loaded Calcium Sulphate and Autogenous Bone in an Improved Rabbit Model of Bone Infection

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Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials
08:41

Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials

Published on: August 13, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Bone Biology and Genetics
  • Clinical Osteoporosis Management

Background:

  • Osteoporosis is a prevalent skeletal disease leading to significant fractures.
  • Despite diagnostic tools and effective drugs, osteoporosis remains underdiagnosed and undertreated.
  • Suboptimal patient adherence to osteoporosis treatment compromises efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore links between genetic advances, bone science, clinical trials, and emerging osteoporosis therapies.
  • To discuss socioeconomic factors impacting osteoporosis care.
  • To present key findings from the 2009 Santa Fe Bone Symposium.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent advances in understanding bone remodeling.
  • Analysis of genetic factors in osteoporosis pathogenesis.
  • Discussion of data from clinical trials and emerging therapeutic agents.

Main Results:

  • New therapeutic targets and drugs show promise for reducing osteoporotic fractures.
  • Identification of numerous genetic factors involved in osteoporosis.
  • Exploration of socioeconomic challenges and opportunities in osteoporosis care.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in genetics and bone science are driving the development of novel osteoporosis treatments.
  • Addressing underdiagnosis and undertreatment is crucial for effective osteoporosis management.
  • The 2009 Santa Fe Bone Symposium highlighted progress and future directions in osteoporosis research and care.