Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...
Endocrine Signaling01:45

Endocrine Signaling

Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.
Endocrine Signaling01:45

Endocrine Signaling

Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Beta cell reactivity defines disease-relevant pancreatic CD8 T cells in type 1 diabetes.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Submicron-sized ultrasound contrast agents as therapeutic peptide delivery vehicles in type 1 diabetes.

Theranostics·2026
Same author

Differences in Clinical Manifestations and Islet Autoantibodies by Age in Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes.

Diabetes care·2026
Same author

Teplizumab treatment for stage 2 type 1 diabetes: a real-world evaluation of metabolic and immunological outcomes.

Diabetologia·2026
Same author

Identifying Insulin Autoantibodies With Differential Risk in Type 1 Diabetes With a Novel Bridging ELISA.

Diabetes·2026
Same author

Quantitative V gene-targeted T cell receptor sequencing as a biomarker in type 1 diabetes.

JCI insight·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis
10:52

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis

Published on: December 17, 2010

Immunologic endocrine disorders.

Aaron W Michels1, George S Eisenbarth

  • 1Department of Medicine, Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. Aaron.Michels@ucdenver.edu

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|February 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Autoimmune diseases target endocrine glands, often starting with genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers. Understanding immunogenetics aids therapies that halt disease progression, though some treatments can cause iatrogenic autoimmunity.

More Related Videos

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice
10:38

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice

Published on: December 17, 2010

Microfluidic Approach to Resolve Simultaneous and Sequential Cytokine Secretion of Individual Polyfunctional Cells
09:43

Microfluidic Approach to Resolve Simultaneous and Sequential Cytokine Secretion of Individual Polyfunctional Cells

Published on: March 8, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis
10:52

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis

Published on: December 17, 2010

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice
10:38

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice

Published on: December 17, 2010

Microfluidic Approach to Resolve Simultaneous and Sequential Cytokine Secretion of Individual Polyfunctional Cells
09:43

Microfluidic Approach to Resolve Simultaneous and Sequential Cytokine Secretion of Individual Polyfunctional Cells

Published on: March 8, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Autoimmunity impacts multiple endocrine glands, leading to organ-specific destruction.
  • Disorders like type 1A diabetes, Graves disease, and Hashimoto thyroiditis stem from autoimmune attacks.
  • These conditions progress through stages: genetic susceptibility, triggers, active autoimmunity, and overt symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the immunogenetics and immunopathogenesis of endocrine autoimmune disorders.
  • To highlight the role of HLA-like molecules in tissue-specific targeting.
  • To discuss the evolving role of immunotherapies in managing these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of animal models and human studies on autoimmune diseases.
  • Analysis of genetic and immunological factors in disease development.
  • Examination of therapeutic interventions and their outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Alleles in HLA-like molecules are crucial for tissue-specific autoimmune targeting.
  • Understanding disease stages aids in developing targeted treatments.
  • Immunotherapies are increasingly used to halt autoimmune disease progression, particularly in type 1A diabetes.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in immunogenetics and immunopathogenesis are driving the prevalence of immunotherapies for endocrine autoimmune disorders.
  • While therapies aim to halt disease, they can also lead to iatrogenic autoimmune conditions.
  • Further research into immunomodulation is essential for managing both autoimmune diseases and treatment-induced autoimmunity.