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Related Concept Videos

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
Vascular Resistance01:20

Vascular Resistance

Vascular resistance is a critical concept in understanding blood flow dynamics in the circulatory system. It refers to the resistance that blood encounters as it flows through the blood vessels. This resistance is a key factor in determining blood pressure and cardiac workload.
The primary determinants of vascular resistance are vessel diameter, blood viscosity, and vessel length. Among these, vessel diameter plays the most significant role due to the fourth power relationship described by...
Factors affecting Blood pressure01:28

Factors affecting Blood pressure

Several physiological and lifestyle factors influence blood pressure (BP). Understanding these factors is crucial as they are significant in patient education and blood pressure management.
Physiological Factors:
Sites for measuring blood pressure01:21

Sites for measuring blood pressure

Blood pressure measurement is a fundamental clinical procedure, providing crucial data for assessing cardiovascular health. Among the various sites for this measurement, the brachial and popliteal arteries are predominantly utilized due to their accessibility and the reliability of their readings. This lesson delves into the anatomical significance, methodology, and considerations of measuring blood pressure at these locations.
The Brachial Artery: Primary Site for Blood Pressure Measurement
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...

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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation
08:43

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation

Published on: May 31, 2016

Blood pressure and vascular calcification.

Nicole E Jensky1, Michael H Criqui, Michael C Wright

  • 1Departments of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif 92037, USA. njensky@ucsd.edu

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|February 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pulse pressure and isolated systolic hypertension are strongly linked to calcified atherosclerosis in various blood vessels. These findings suggest isolated systolic hypertension may aid in diagnosing or preventing this condition.

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Analysis of Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Vascular Calcification Using In Vitro and In Vivo Models

Published on: January 27, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease.
  • Calcification extent varies across different vascular beds.
  • Blood pressure parameters are established risk factors for cardiovascular events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between blood pressure metrics and calcified atherosclerosis.
  • To examine these associations across multiple vascular beds.
  • To identify potential clinical indicators for atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) for atherosclerosis detection.
  • Mercury sphygmomanometry for blood pressure measurement.
  • Multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Pulse pressure and systolic blood pressure showed significant associations with calcification in most vascular beds.
  • These associations were more pronounced in individuals over 60 and in men.
  • Isolated systolic hypertension demonstrated stronger associations than general hypertension.

Conclusions:

  • Pulse pressure and isolated systolic hypertension are key correlates of calcified atherosclerosis.
  • Isolated systolic hypertension may serve as a valuable clinical marker for atherosclerosis.
  • Findings highlight the importance of blood pressure management in preventing vascular calcification.