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Bone Remodeling and Repair

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials

Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials

Published on: August 13, 2019

[Guided bone regeneration: general survey].

Jan Cosyn¹, Hugo De Bruyn

¹Université de Gand, Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, Service de Parodontologie & d'Implantologie Orale, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Gand, Belgique.

Revue Belge De Medecine Dentaire

|February 25, 2010

Summary

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) uses membranes to promote bone healing in defects. This review explores biomaterials for GBR, addressing clinical challenges like membrane exposure and the need for bone fillers.

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Oral Surgery
Regenerative Medicine

Context:

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) principles established in 1988.
Initial success with non-resorbable membranes in animal models.
Clinical challenges include premature membrane exposure and reduced bone volume.

Purpose:

To provide an overview of biomaterials for guided bone regeneration.
To discuss the characteristics and clinical applications of various bone fillers.
To address limitations of non-resorbable membranes and the development of resorbable alternatives.

Summary:

GBR technique relies on selective cell repopulation, preventing unwanted tissue infiltration.
Non-resorbable membranes, while effective, pose clinical complications like exposure.

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Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration

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Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials

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Improved Methodology for Studying Postnatal Osteogenesis via Intramembranous Ossification in a Murine Bone Marrow Injury Model

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Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration

Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration

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Resorbable membranes often require bone fillers (autogenous, allogenic, xenogenic, or alloplastic) for structural support.

Impact:

Highlights the evolution of GBR techniques and materials.
Informs clinical practice regarding material selection for bone regeneration.
Aims to improve outcomes in reconstructive dental implant surgery.