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Related Concept Videos

Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Genital Herpes01:23

Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly01:19

Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly

As part of their replication cycle, certain viruses synthesize long precursor proteins called polyproteins within infected host cells. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), two major polyproteins are produced: Gag and Gag-Pol. The Gag polyprotein supplies the structural components of the virus, while Gag-Pol includes essential viral enzymes such as reverse transcriptase, integrase, and protease. After synthesis, these polyproteins move to the host cell membrane, where they assemble into an...
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
Amebiasis01:28

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture
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Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Published on: October 12, 2018

HIV infection and women's sexual functioning.

Tracey E Wilson1, Girardin Jean-Louis, Rebecca Schwartz

  • 1Department of Community Health Sciences, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA. tracey.wilson@downstate.edu

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999)
|February 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Women with HIV experience more sexual problems than HIV-negative women. Factors like menopause, depression, relationship status, and lower CD4 counts impact sexual function in women living with HIV.

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Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples
12:34

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

Published on: July 6, 2014

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Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture
11:14

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Published on: October 12, 2018

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples
12:34

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

Published on: July 6, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Women's Health Research
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Sexual Health Studies

Background:

  • The Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) investigates the history of HIV in US women.
  • Understanding sexual health is crucial for women's overall well-being, especially those with HIV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare sexual problems in HIV-positive versus HIV-negative women.
  • To identify clinical and psychosocial factors linked to sexual dysfunction in women.

Main Methods:

  • 1805 women (1279 HIV+, 526 HIV-) completed study visits between Oct 2006-Mar 2007.
  • Data collection included the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), surveys, exams, and blood tests.
  • CD4 cell counts were analyzed in relation to sexual function scores.

Main Results:

  • HIV-positive women reported significantly more sexual problems than HIV-negative women.
  • Menopausal status, depressive symptoms, and lack of a relationship were associated with lower sexual function.
  • Lower CD4 cell counts (≤199 cells/µL) correlated with poorer sexual functioning.

Conclusions:

  • Sexual problems are more prevalent in women with HIV and are influenced by various factors.
  • Addressing sexual health is essential for comprehensive HIV care and improving quality of life.
  • Further research and clinical attention are needed to integrate sexual health into routine HIV management.