MR urography in children. Part 1: how we do the F0 technique

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Radiology
• Uroradiology
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• MR urography (MRU) is increasingly used for pediatric urinary tract dilation, often following ultrasound and voiding cystourethrography.
• Hydronephrosis is a primary indication for MRU in infants and children due to the frequency of upper tract dilatation.
• Technological advancements enable MRU to evaluate renal function (split renal function, drainage) beyond anatomical assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report the routine practice of a specific F0 MRU technique for pediatric urinary tract evaluation.
• To highlight the advantages of the described MRU protocol in a clinical setting.

Main Methods:

• The F0 MRU technique is detailed, emphasizing its practical application.
• Key protocol features include the absence of general anesthesia and bladder catheterization.
• Low-dose gadolinium-based contrast agents (0.05-0.1 mmol/kg) are utilized.
• Total imaging acquisition time is maintained at 30 minutes or less.

Main Results:

• The described F0 MRU protocol is feasible for routine clinical use.
• The protocol successfully evaluates pediatric patients with urinary tract dilation.
• Key benefits include patient comfort and reduced procedural time.

Conclusions:

• The F0 MRU technique provides a valuable, non-invasive method for assessing pediatric urinary tract conditions.
• This protocol enhances diagnostic capabilities by incorporating functional renal assessment.
• The advantages of no anesthesia, no catheterization, low contrast dose, and short scan times make it a preferred imaging choice.