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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Visualization of Estrogen Receptors in Colons of Mice with TNBS-Induced Crohn's Disease using Immunofluorescence
08:02

Visualization of Estrogen Receptors in Colons of Mice with TNBS-Induced Crohn's Disease using Immunofluorescence

Published on: March 12, 2020

Estrogen and autoimmune disease.

Sara E Walker1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Missouri, 2120 Southern Star Loop, Las Cruces, NM 88011, USA. walkers@health.missouri.edu

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
|February 26, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Estrogenic hormones have complex effects on the immune system. While they can worsen systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), they may protect against rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

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An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
06:18

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

Published on: August 13, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Estrogenic hormones exhibit dual immunostimulating and immunosuppressive functions.
  • Pregnancy and exogenous estrogen can trigger disease flares in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  • Estrogen therapy shows protective effects against active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the differential effects of estrogen on autoimmune diseases.
  • To investigate the potential of estrogen-like compounds in managing inflammatory conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on estrogen's role in SLE and RA.
  • Analysis of clinical observations regarding estrogen therapy in autoimmune diseases.

Main Results:

  • Exogenous estrogen can precipitate SLE development or flares and thrombosis in susceptible individuals.
  • Exogenous estrogen treatment protects postmenopausal RA patients from active disease and osteoporosis.

Conclusions:

  • Estrogen's impact on autoimmune diseases is context-dependent.
  • Targeting estrogen pathways with anti-inflammatory properties could offer novel therapeutic strategies for RA.