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Bracketing in qualitative research: conceptual and practical matters.

Constance T Fischer¹

¹Department of Psychology, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15235, USA. fischer@dug.edu

Psychotherapy Research : Journal of the Society for Psychotherapy Research

|February 26, 2010

Summary

Bracketing in qualitative research involves setting aside assumptions and continually revisiting data. This ongoing process enhances understanding and rigorous representation of findings.

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Area of Science:

Qualitative Research Methodology
Phenomenology
Hermeneutics

Background:

Bracketing is a core concept in phenomenological research, originating from the work of Husserl and Heidegger.
It involves managing researcher bias and assumptions to achieve a more objective understanding of phenomena.
Reflexivity and hermeneutics are closely related concepts crucial for qualitative rigor.

Purpose of the Study:

To present bracketing as a dual engagement process: with data and evolving findings.
To elucidate the practical application of bracketing through extensive everyday examples.
To discuss the philosophical underpinnings of bracketing, including reflexivity and hermeneutics.

Main Methods:

Conceptual analysis of bracketing as described by philosophical traditions.
Illustration through practical examples of researcher engagement with data and findings.
Discussion of historical context and related qualitative concepts like reflexivity.

Main Results:

Bracketing is defined as two ongoing engagements: identifying/setting aside assumptions and hermeneutic revisiting of data.
The process requires careful language development for representing findings accurately.
Residual positivism can hinder qualitative rigor, necessitating conscious application of bracketing.

Conclusions:

Bracketing is essential for maintaining qualitative rigor by managing researcher subjectivity.
The dual engagement model provides a framework for applying bracketing effectively.
Further research, such as a qualitative study on bracketing, is recommended to deepen understanding.