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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
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To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
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Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Published on: March 12, 2020

Age-dependent differences in attentional processes in ADHD and disruptive behavior disorder.

Thomas Günther1, Jellemer Jolles, Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann

  • 1Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Clinics, Technical University Aachen, Aachen, Germany. thomas.guenther2@post.rwth-aachen.de

Developmental Neuropsychology
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Summary

Children with ADHD, with or without disruptive behavior disorders, show attention deficits compared to controls. These differences diminish with age, highlighting the importance of age in ADHD neuropsychological studies.

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Published on: December 7, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Child Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Disruptive Behavior Disorders (DBD) are common in childhood.
  • Understanding age-dependent attentional performance is crucial for accurate diagnosis and intervention.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated how age impacts attentional differences in ADHD with or without DBD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-dependent differences in attentional performance.
  • To compare attentional skills in children with ADHD, ADHD + DBD, and typically developing controls.
  • To determine how age influences the performance gap between clinical and control groups.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized sustained attention and Go-No-Go tasks to assess attentional competencies.
  • Analyzed data from three groups: ADHD (N=118), ADHD + DBD (N=105), and controls (N=105).
  • Examined age effects across participants aged 8-16 years.

Main Results:

  • Attentional abilities generally improved with increasing age across all groups.
  • Children with ADHD and ADHD + DBD exhibited poorer performance on attention tasks compared to controls.
  • The performance disparity between clinical groups and controls decreased as age advanced.

Conclusions:

  • Age-related maturation significantly influences attentional performance in children.
  • While ADHD and ADHD + DBD are associated with attention deficits, these are moderated by age.
  • Neuropsychological assessments must account for age-specific developmental trajectories in pediatric populations.