Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay
Published on: September 22, 2023
Overexpression of glucocorticoid receptor-beta in severe allergic rhinitis
Akihiro Ishida1, Nobuo Ohta, Shuji Koike
1Department of Otolaryngology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.
Objective:
To clarify the role of glucocorticoid receptor-beta in resistance to glucocorticoid therapy for allergic rhinitis, we studied 37 tissue samples from 20 patients with severe allergic rhinitis, and samples from age-matched controls.
Methods:
Patients were treated with intranasal fluticasone for 6 months and inferior turbinectomy was performed for patients with poor response to glucocorticoid treatment. The expression of glucocorticoid receptor-alpha (GR-alpha), glucocorticoid receptor-beta (GR-beta), and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) in nasal mucosa was studied immunohistochemically.
Results:
GR-alpha and NF-kappaB were expressed to a similar extent in patients and controls, but GR-beta was expressed significantly more in patients, resulting in an increased GR-beta/GR-alpha ratio.
Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that GR-beta plays an important role in resistance to glucocorticoid therapy for allergic rhinitis, and its expression might be used as an additional parameter indicating steroid resistance in allergic rhinitis.
Related Concept Videos
Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids
ICS work through a multifaceted mechanism of action. They suppress the inflammatory response caused by the proliferation of TH cells. They also reduce the transcription of the IL-2 gene, which is involved in the...
Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology
Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Allergic Reactions
GPCR Desensitization
Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists
One class of bronchodilators includes β2-adrenoceptor agonists. These agents target the β2-adrenoceptors located on bronchial smooth muscle cells. By stimulating these receptors, β2-agonists induce relaxation in these...
