Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 15, 2026
07:28
Dry Powder and Nebulized Aerosol Inhalation of Pharmaceuticals Delivered to Mice Using a Nose-only Exposure System
Published on: April 6, 2017
Controlled release from directly compressible theophylline buccal tablets.
Harikrishna Boyapally1, Ravi Kumar Nukala, Pranav Bhujbal
1Greenwich University, School of Science, Medway Campus, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
|March 2, 2010
Summary
Researchers developed theophylline buccal adhesive tablets using direct compression. These novel mucoadhesive formulations offer controlled drug release and suitable adhesion for effective buccal drug delivery.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Technology
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Materials Science
Background:
- Buccal drug delivery offers an alternative route for systemic administration, bypassing first-pass metabolism.
- Developing stable and effective mucoadhesive formulations is crucial for prolonged drug contact time in the buccal cavity.
- Theophylline, a bronchodilator, requires optimized delivery systems for consistent therapeutic levels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate theophylline buccal adhesive tablets using direct compression.
- To investigate the influence of mucoadhesive polymers and formulation composition on tablet properties and drug release.
- To assess the mucoadhesion performance and drug release kinetics of the developed buccal tablets.
Main Methods:
- Direct compression technique was employed for tablet preparation.
- Formulations incorporated a water-soluble resin and various mucoadhesive polymers.
- Tablets were evaluated for physical properties (tensile strength, swelling), ex vivo mucoadhesion using porcine gingival tissue, and in vitro drug release.
Main Results:
- Theophylline buccal tablets exhibited suitable tensile strength and swelling capacity.
- Ex vivo mucoadhesion testing demonstrated peak detachment forces appropriate for buccal application (approx. 1.5 N).
- Formulation composition, particularly polymer grade and ratio, significantly influenced theophylline release profiles, demonstrating controlled release patterns.
Conclusions:
- The developed theophylline buccal adhesive tablets show promising mucoadhesive properties and controlled drug release.
- The formulation strategy utilizing mucoadhesive polymers and direct compression is effective for buccal drug delivery.
- The release mechanisms generally followed Peppas' kinetic model, indicating diffusion-controlled release over 5 hours.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:26Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems
Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
01:28IV Infusion to Oral Dosing: Conversion Methods
The development of extended-release formulations has facilitated the transition from intravenous to oral medication, offering a more convenient and patient-friendly approach to drug administration. This transition, however, requires careful management to ensure that therapeutic drug levels are maintained, preserving efficacy and avoiding adverse effects. Understanding pharmacokinetic principles and dosage calculations is critical during this process.Pharmacokinetics of the...
01:18Drug Delivery: Enteral Route
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
Drugs in...
Drugs in...
01:20Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Influencing Factors
Modified-release drug delivery systems are designed to optimize the therapeutic effect of drugs by minimizing side effects, reducing the dosage required, and controlling drug release to align with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic needs. The system depends on two key factors: the drug's release from the formulation and its movement through the body to the target site. Unlike conventional dosage forms, where absorption is the limiting step, the rate of drug release is the key determinant in...
01:22Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics
Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...
01:27Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types
Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...