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Related Concept Videos

tRNA Activation02:26

tRNA Activation

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...
tRNA Activation02:26

tRNA Activation

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...
Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

Enzyme-linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
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Eukaryotic Transcription Activators02:42

Eukaryotic Transcription Activators

Transcription activators are proteins that promote the transcription of genes from DNA to RNA. In most cases, these proteins contain two separate domains ‒ a domain that binds to DNA and a domain for activating transcription; however, in some cases, a single domain is responsible for both binding and activation of transcription, as seen in the glucocorticoid receptor and MyoD.
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RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
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Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Expression and Purification of the Human Lipid-sensitive Cation Channel TRPC3 for Structural Determination by Single-particle Cryo-electron Microscopy
08:27

Expression and Purification of the Human Lipid-sensitive Cation Channel TRPC3 for Structural Determination by Single-particle Cryo-electron Microscopy

Published on: January 7, 2019

Small molecule activators of TRPML3.

Christian Grimm1, Simone Jörs, S Adrian Saldanha

  • 1Departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Chemistry & Biology
|March 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We identified small molecules that activate the TRPML3 ion channel, crucial for hearing and pigmentation. These compounds revealed new activation mechanisms but showed limited response in native cells, suggesting TRPML3

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Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Expression and Purification of the Human Lipid-sensitive Cation Channel TRPC3 for Structural Determination by Single-particle Cryo-electron Microscopy
08:27

Expression and Purification of the Human Lipid-sensitive Cation Channel TRPC3 for Structural Determination by Single-particle Cryo-electron Microscopy

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Yeast Luminometric and Xenopus Oocyte Electrophysiological Examinations of the Molecular Mechanosensitivity of TRPV4
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Yeast Luminometric and Xenopus Oocyte Electrophysiological Examinations of the Molecular Mechanosensitivity of TRPV4

Published on: December 31, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Ion channel research
  • Molecular pharmacology
  • Genetics of hearing loss

Background:

  • The TRPML3 ion channel is implicated in deafness and pigmentation defects when mutated.
  • Understanding TRPML3 function is key to addressing related genetic disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discover small molecule activators of the TRPML3 ion channel.
  • To investigate TRPML3 activation mechanisms and its role in native cells.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput screening of small molecules.
  • Cheminformatics analysis of identified compounds.
  • Functional assays in cell lines and native cells (sensory hair cells, melanocytes).

Main Results:

  • Identified 53 confirmed small molecule activators with diverse chemical scaffolds.
  • Discovered synergistic activation of TRPML3 by agonists and low extracellular sodium ([Na+]).
  • Observed limited or no TRPML3 channel activity in sensory hair cells and melanocytes.

Conclusions:

  • TRPML3 activation exhibits distinct, cooperative mechanisms and a broad dynamic range.
  • The lack of response in native cells suggests TRPML3 may be intracellular or part of non-responsive heteromeric channels.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate TRPML3's precise localization and function in vivo.