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Related Concept Videos

Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their original...
Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
Plastic Behavior01:21

Plastic Behavior

A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and reloaded.
Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry01:21

Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry

When a structural member undergoes plastic deformation due to bending, it is crucial to understand the position of the neutral axis and the stress distribution. This member, characterized by a single plane of symmetry, exhibits a uniform stress distribution, with negative stress above the neutral axis and positive stress below. Notably, the neutral axis does not align with the centroid of the cross-section. This misalignment is typical in cases where the cross-section is not rectangular or...
Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Determining the Mechanical Strength of Ultra-Fine-Grained Metals
05:04

Determining the Mechanical Strength of Ultra-Fine-Grained Metals

Published on: November 22, 2021

Plastic-deformation mechanism in complex solids.

M Heggen1, L Houben, M Feuerbacher

  • 1Institut für Festkörperforschung, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany. m.heggen@fz-juelich.de

Nature Materials
|March 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plastic deformation in complex metallic alloys involves a novel mechanism where dislocation cores move with escort defects. This coordinated atomic movement, though complex, can be simplified by basic structural subunit rearrangements.

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High-pressure, High-temperature Deformation Experiment Using the New Generation Griggs-type Apparatus
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High-pressure, High-temperature Deformation Experiment Using the New Generation Griggs-type Apparatus

Published on: April 3, 2018

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Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Determining the Mechanical Strength of Ultra-Fine-Grained Metals
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Determining the Mechanical Strength of Ultra-Fine-Grained Metals

Published on: November 22, 2021

High-pressure, High-temperature Deformation Experiment Using the New Generation Griggs-type Apparatus
12:30

High-pressure, High-temperature Deformation Experiment Using the New Generation Griggs-type Apparatus

Published on: April 3, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Plastic deformation in simple crystalline materials is well understood, primarily driven by dislocation movement.
  • Deformation mechanisms in complex metallic alloys (CMAs) with large unit cells remain largely unknown.
  • Extended dislocation concepts are necessary for understanding deformation in CMAs due to their large lattice parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the atomic-scale deformation mechanisms in a complex metallic alloy.
  • To elucidate the role of defects and their movement during plastic deformation in CMAs.
  • To understand how complex structures accommodate strain at the atomic level.

Main Methods:

  • Atomic-resolution aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
  • Investigation of a complex metallic alloy with 156 atoms per unit cell.

Main Results:

  • A complex deformation mechanism involving a dislocation core and separate escort defects was identified.
  • Escort defects move in coordination with the dislocation core during deformation.
  • These escort defects induce local transformations in the material structure.

Conclusions:

  • The identified mechanism involves the coordinated movement of hundreds of atoms per glide step.
  • Despite its complexity, the deformation can be described by the rearrangement of basic structural subunits.
  • This finding provides new insights into the fundamental deformation processes in complex metallic alloys.