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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Testing for Metacognitive Responding Using an Odor-based Delayed Match-to-Sample Test in Rats

Testing for Metacognitive Responding Using an Odor-based Delayed Match-to-Sample Test in Rats

Published on: June 18, 2018

Decreasing errors in reading-related matching to sample using a delayed-sample procedure.

Adam H Doughty¹, Kathryn J Saunders

¹University of Kansas, Parsons, Kansas 67357, USA. doughtya@cofc.edu

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis

|March 2, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Accuracy in matching-to-sample tasks improved for individuals with intellectual disabilities when a delay was introduced. This delayed-sample procedure significantly reduced errors in both printed-letter and spoken-word matching tasks.

Keywords:

conditional discrimination delayed sample intellectual disabilities matching to sample

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

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Published on: June 18, 2018

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Advancing Dyslexia Assessment in Children Through Computerized Testing

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Published on: August 16, 2024

Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Developmental Psychology
Behavioral Analysis

Background:

Individuals with intellectual disabilities often face challenges in learning and memory tasks.
Matching-to-sample (MTS) procedures are common assessments for cognitive abilities.
Previous research indicates that manipulating procedural variables can impact performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of a delayed-sample procedure on the accuracy of two-choice matching-to-sample (MTS) tasks for individuals with intellectual disabilities.
To compare performance on printed-letter identity MTS and spoken-to-printed-word MTS procedures.

Main Methods:

Two adult males with intellectual disabilities participated.
Participants initially engaged in standard MTS procedures (printed-letter identity and spoken-to-printed-word).
A delayed-sample procedure was implemented, where choice stimuli appeared first, followed by the sample stimulus after a 5-second delay.

Main Results:

Both participants initially showed intermediate accuracy in the MTS tasks.
Error rates significantly decreased when the delayed-sample procedure was introduced.
The delayed-sample procedure appeared effective across different types of MTS tasks.

Conclusions:

A delayed-sample procedure can substantially improve accuracy in matching-to-sample tasks for individuals with intellectual disabilities.
This finding suggests that manipulating stimulus presentation timing can be a viable strategy to enhance learning and performance in this population.
Further research should explore the generalizability of this effect across different age groups and cognitive profiles.