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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview

In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then passed on to...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Nuclear Fusion02:45

Nuclear Fusion

The process of converting very light nuclei into heavier nuclei is also accompanied by the conversion of mass into large amounts of energy, a process called fusion. The principal source of energy in the sun is a net fusion reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse and ultimately produce one helium nucleus and two positrons.
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

An Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Setup to Investigate the Reactive Species Formation
08:36

An Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Setup to Investigate the Reactive Species Formation

Published on: November 3, 2016

The study of helicon plasma source.

Ting-Ting Miao1, Hong-Wei Zhao, Zhan-Wen Liu

  • 1Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|March 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A helicon plasma source achieved high-density argon plasma (3.9x10^13 cm^-3) using a Nagoya type III antenna. Plasma density increased with radio frequency power, reaching saturation, and the helicon mode appeared at specific power levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Applied Physics

Background:

  • Helicon plasma sources are recognized for generating uniform, high-density plasmas.
  • These sources are crucial for applications like plasma neutralization and plasma lenses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of helicon plasma.
  • To achieve high plasma density for potential applications.
  • To understand plasma behavior under varying radio frequency (rf) power and magnetic fields.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a helicon plasma source at the Institute of Modern Physics, China.
  • Utilized a Langmuir four-probe diagnostic tool for plasma characterization.
  • Employed a Nagoya type III antenna for plasma generation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a high argon plasma density of up to 3.9x10^13 cm^-3.
  • Observed that plasma density increases with rf power until saturation.
  • Identified the appearance of the helicon mode within a specific rf power range (200-400 W).

Conclusions:

  • The helicon plasma source is effective in generating high-density plasmas.
  • Radio frequency power is a key parameter influencing plasma density and mode transitions.
  • Optimized conditions (200 G magnetic intensity, 2.8x10^-3 Pa pressure, 1200 W rf power) yield significant plasma densities.