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Related Concept Videos

Molecular Models02:00

Molecular Models

Physical models representing molecular architectures of chemical compounds play essential roles in understanding chemistry. The use of molecular models makes it easier to visualize the structures and shapes of atoms and molecules.
Newman Projections02:06

Newman Projections

Different notations are used to represent the three-dimensional structure of molecules on two-dimensional surfaces. One of the most commonly used representations is the dash-wedge formula. The dashed wedges, solid wedges, and the plane lines indicate the groups situated behind the plane, coming out of the plane, and in the plane, respectively.
The organic molecules rotate across the single bonds leading to numerous temporary three-dimensional structures of varying energy known as conformers.
Three-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology01:28

Three-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology

Three-dimensional imaging techniques are essential in cell biology, allowing researchers to visualize intricate cellular structures with high resolution. Two prominent methods, Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy (DIC) and Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM), provide distinct advantages for imaging live and thick specimens, respectively.Differential Interference Contrast MicroscopyDIC microscopy enhances contrast in transparent, unstained samples by converting phase...
Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
Molecular Shapes01:18

Molecular Shapes

Molecules have characteristic shapes that are crucial for their function. The arrangement of various electron groups around the central atom dictates their molecular geometry. Electron pairs in the valence shell of a central atom will adopt an arrangement that minimizes repulsions between the electron pairs by maximizing the distance between them. The valence electrons form either bonding pairs, located primarily between bonded atoms, or lone pairs.Two regions of electron density in a diatomic...
Protein Organization01:24

Protein Organization

Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues. They are versatile and responsible for different cellular functions, including DNA replication, molecular transport, catalysis, and structural support. Proteins have a hierarchical structure comprising at least three levels of organization: primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. Some large proteins have a quaternary structure where individual protein subunits are linked together.
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Modeling an Enzyme Active Site using Molecular Visualization Freeware
14:37

Modeling an Enzyme Active Site using Molecular Visualization Freeware

Published on: December 25, 2021

Visualization of macromolecular structures.

Seán I O'Donoghue1, David S Goodsell, Achilleas S Frangakis

  • 1European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany. sean.odonoghue@embl.de

Nature Methods
|March 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Structural biology data offers insights into protein function and molecular mechanisms. This review highlights visualization tools and methods to help life scientists access and interpret complex 3D structural data.

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Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Structural biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Structural biology is generating vast amounts of data on protein structures, RNA, and molecular assemblies.
  • This information is valuable to a wide range of life scientists, extending beyond structural specialists.
  • Accessing and interpreting this complex 3D structural data presents challenges for many researchers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key biological questions addressable through 3D structure visualization.
  • To describe available methods and tools for visualizing structural biology data.
  • To facilitate broader access and utilization of structural data by life scientists.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of visualization techniques in structural biology.
  • Analysis of biological problems where 3D visualization provides critical insights.
  • Survey of current software and tools for molecular visualization.

Main Results:

  • Identification of specific biological questions benefiting from 3D structure visualization.
  • Overview of diverse visualization methods, from basic representations to advanced dynamic models.
  • Categorization of available tools based on complexity and application.

Conclusions:

  • Visualization is crucial for unlocking the potential of structural biology data.
  • Accessible tools and methods can empower life scientists to leverage 3D structures.
  • Bridging the gap in visualization expertise will accelerate biological discovery.