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Related Concept Videos

UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...
Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview01:02

Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview

Ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible or UV–Vis) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the interaction between matter and UV–Vis light within the electromagnetic spectrum. This method is widely used for its versatility, simplicity, and relatively quick data acquisition, making it valuable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When UV–Vis radiation passes through a material,  molecules absorb light depending on the energy required for electronic transitions. As a result...
UV–Vis Spectrum01:30

UV–Vis Spectrum

When light passes through a substance, a portion of the light is absorbed while the remaining light is reflected or transmitted. If the molecule absorbs light between the wavelengths of 180–400 nm range, the UV spectrum is obtained, and if it absorbs light in the 400–780 nm wavelength range, the visible spectrum is obtained.     
The UV–Vis spectrum of a molecule is the plot of its absorbance versus wavelength. The plot is drawn by taking molar absorptivity (ε) or log ε on the y-axis (ordinate)...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems01:32

UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems

Organic compounds with conjugated double bonds show strong absorption features in the UV–visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum attributed to π → π* electronic excitations. Generally, a UV–vis absorption spectrum is recorded as a plot of absorbance vs wavelength. The wavelength of maximum absorbance, which manifests as a peak in the absorption spectrum, is denoted as λmax.
One of the factors influencing λmax is the extent of conjugation in the...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules01:29

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules

UV–Visible absorption spectra of conjugated dienes arise from the lowest energy π → π* transitions. The light-absorbing part of the molecule is called the chromophore, and the substituents directly attached to the chromophore are called auxochromes. A strong correlation exists between the absorption maxima, λmax, and the structure of a conjugated π system. The Woodward–Fieser rules predict the value of λmax for a given structure by adding the contributions...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Beer–Lambert Law01:09

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Beer–Lambert Law

The Beer-Lambert law describes the relationship between absorbance and concentration, which combines the principles established by scientists Johann Heinrich Lambert and August Beer. Lambert's law states that when light passes through a medium, the loss in intensity is directly proportional to the original intensity and the path length of the light. Beer's law proposed that the transmittance of a solution remains constant if the product of concentration and path length is constant. The modern...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared
07:38

Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared

Published on: January 10, 2025

Improving analysis from second-derivative uv-absorption spectrometry.

A R Hawthorne, J H Thorngate

    Applied Optics
    |March 4, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a method combining first and second derivatives for enhanced analytical results in spectrometry. The technique improves linear response with concentration, offering better analytical capabilities.

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    UV-Vis Spectroscopic Characterization of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media
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    UV-Vis Spectroscopic Characterization of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media

    Published on: October 25, 2021

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

    Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared
    07:38

    Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared

    Published on: January 10, 2025

    UV-Vis Spectroscopic Characterization of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media
    05:16

    UV-Vis Spectroscopic Characterization of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media

    Published on: October 25, 2021

    Area of Science:

    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Second-derivative spectrometry is a valuable technique for analyzing spectral data.
    • Linear response with concentration is crucial for accurate quantitative analysis.
    • Wavelength-modulated derivative UV-absorption spectrometry presents specific challenges.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present methods for improving analytical results in second-derivative spectrometry.
    • To enhance the linear response of spectral data with concentration.
    • To optimize performance for wavelength-modulated derivative UV-absorption spectrometers.

    Main Methods:

    • Combining first and second derivatives of spectral data.
    • Applying Beer's law for linear response across all wavelengths.
    • Utilizing least-squares analysis with standard spectra.
    • Focusing on wavelength-modulated derivative UV-absorption spectrometry.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a response that varies linearly with concentration at all wavelengths.
    • Demonstrated improved analytical capabilities through simulated examples.
    • Validated the effectiveness of the combined derivative approach.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented method significantly improves analytical results in second-derivative spectrometry.
    • Combining spectral derivatives and least-squares analysis enhances quantitative accuracy.
    • The procedure offers a robust solution for analyzing complex spectral data.